摘要

      废水是细菌耐药性（AMR）向环境传播的重要来源。医院污水（HWW）的微污染负荷和AMR指标均高于城市污水（UWW）。关于H和U WW的长期动态及其联合治疗对AMR一般负担的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们对126个H和U WW样品分别处理三年，然后混合，超过一年的抗性、微生物群和生态暴露特征进行了表征。多变量分析和机器学习揭示了每个WW的一个稳健特征，在混合之前没有明显的时间变化，一旦混合，两个WW都非常类似于城市特征。我们证明了药物和表面活性剂对H和U WW的抗性和微生物群有显著影响。我们的研究结果为水资源管理相关的风险评估提供了相当大的目标。

      Wastewaters (WW) are important sources for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) into the environment. Hospital WW (HWW) contain higher loads of micro-pollutants and AMR markers than urban WW (UWW). Little is known about the long-term dynamics of H and U WW and the impact of their joined treatment on the general burden of AMR. Here, we characterized the resistome, microbiota and eco-exposome signature of 126 H and U WW samples treated separately for three years, and then mixed, over one year. Multi-variate analysis and machine learning revealed a robust signature for each WW with no significant variation over time before mixing, and once mixed, both WW closely resembled Urban signatures. We demonstrated a significant impact of pharmaceuticals and surfactants on the resistome and microbiota of H and U WW. Our results present considerable targets for AMR related risk assessment of WW.

      https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32072151