摘要

      畜禽粪便被认为是将抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）传播到环境中的重要来源，对公众健康构成直接威胁。由于回用肥料对土壤微生物群落和arg的影响已被广泛研究，但对不同管理方法产生的肥料微生物群落和arg的综合表征尚不清楚。在这里，我们分析了三种常规管理策略：好氧堆肥、机械干燥和沉淀处理牛粪的微生物群落和精氨酸的去向，采用了一种结合了亚基因组学和亚蛋白质组学的综合组学方法。综合组学分析表明，与其它两种处理方法相比，堆肥堆肥中微生物群落和ARGs的多样性最低。定量PCR方法表明，堆肥14d后，无论季节如何，ARGs的丰度都降低了83%以上。此外，堆肥后，机械干燥过程中潜在的ARG宿主不动杆菌和假单胞菌数量急剧减少。堆肥样品中细菌、ARGs和转座酶基因tnpA-01之间存在显著的共生网络，表明这些细菌在ARGs的传播中起着重要作用。这些发现为控制畜禽粪便再利用过程中精氨酸的传播提供了可能的策略。

      Livestock manure is considered as an important source for spreading antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) into the environment, and therefore poses a direct threat to public health. Whereas the effects of reused manure on soil microbial communities and ARGs have been studied extensively, comprehensive characterizations of microbial communities and ARGs of manure produced by different management methods are not well understood. Here, we analyzed the fate of microbial communities and ARGs of cow manure treated by three conventional management strategies: aerobic composting, mechanical drying and precipitation, applying an integrated-omics approach combining metagenomics and metaproteomics. Integrated-omics demonstrated that composted manure contained the lowest diversity of microbial community and ARGs compared with manure treated by other two strategies. Quantitative PCR methods revealed that the abundances of ARGs were reduced by over 83 % after composting for 14 days, regardless of the season. Besides, the potential ARG hosts Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas dominating mechanical drying process were sharply decreased in abundances after composting. The significant co-occurrence networks among bacteria, ARGs and transposase gene tnpA-01 in composting samples indicated the important role of these bacteria in the dissemination of ARGs. These findings offer insight into potential strategies to control the spread of ARGs during livestock manure reuse.

       https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389419318497