摘要

       近年来，导致耐药基因（ARGs）传播的耐药菌（ARB）成为全球性问题，尤其是多药耐药菌（MDR）被认为是导致耐药的元凶。然而，抗生素耐药表型与ARG谱之间的关系仍不清楚。本研究结合大肠菌群的亚基因组功能筛选和亚基因组分析，探讨城市污水中ARBs的表型和基因型。结果表明，ARG在城市污水中普遍存在。本研究还强调了抗药性大肠菌群尤其是MDR大肠菌群中ARG的高丰度，ARG水平为每个细胞33.8±4.2个拷贝。分离的耐药大肠菌群的ARG谱和耐药表型也存在相关性，表明对相关抗生素（氨苄西林、卡那霉素、红霉素、氯霉素和四环素）的耐药主要是由β-内酰胺酶亚型的ARG所引起的，氨基糖苷3-磷酸转移酶、2型磷酸转移酶、氯霉素乙酰转移酶、tetA等。

        During the past years, antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) leading for the spreading of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) became a global problem, especially multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are considered the prime culprit of antibiotic resistance. However, the correlation between the antibiotic-resistant phenotype and the ARG profiles remains poorly understood. In the present study, metagenomic functional screening and metagenomic analysis of coliforms were combined to explore the phenotype and genotype of the ARBs from municipal sewage. Our results showed that the ARG co-occurrence was widespread in the municipal sewage. The present study also highlighted the high abundance of ARGs from antibiotic resistance coliforms especially the MDR coliforms with ARG level of 33.8 ± 4.2 copies per cell. The ARG profiles and the antibiotic resistance phenotypes of the isolated antibiotic resistant coliforms were also correlated and indicated that the resistance to the related antibiotic (ampicillin, kanamycin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline) was mostly contributed by the ARGs belonging to the subtypes of β-lactamase, aminoglycoside 3-phosphotransferase, phosphotransferase type 2, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, tetA, etc.
         https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00253-017-8573-1