摘要

      飞机卫生设施由国际观众共享。我们假设相应的污水在多样性和数量上是抗生素耐药菌（ARB）和耐药基因（ARG）的特殊来源。因此，我们采用补充的方法分析了飞机载污水中的ARG和ARB，这些方法包括：宏基因组学、定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）和培养。为了进行比较，我们还对有机场和无机场的城市污水处理厂的进水中的精氨酸和精氨酸进行了定量。不出所料，飞机污水中含有一组异常丰富的流动ARG，与典型的城市污水相比，基因相对丰度大多增加。此外，从飞机污水中分离的大肠埃希菌对第三代头孢菌素、氟喹诺酮和氨基糖苷类药物的联合耐药性异常普遍（28.9%）。这一比例超过了德国临床分离株报告的8倍。我们的发现表明，飞机排放的污水可以有效地促进抗生素耐药性的快速和全球传播。

       Airplane sanitary facilities are shared by an international audience. We hypothesized the corresponding sewage to be an extraordinary source of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and resistance genes (ARG) in terms of diversity and quantity. Accordingly, we analyzed ARG and ARB in airplane-borne sewage using complementary approaches: metagenomics, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and cultivation. For the purpose of comparison, we also quantified ARG and ARB in the inlets of municipal treatment plants with and without connection to airports. As expected, airplane sewage contained an extraordinarily rich set of mobile ARG, and the relative abundances of genes were mostly increased compared to typical raw sewage of municipal origin. Moreover, combined resistance against third-generation cephalosporins, fluorochinolones, and aminoglycosides was unusually common (28.9%) among Escherichia coli isolated from airplane sewage. This percentage exceeds the one reported for German clinical isolates by a factor of 8. Our findings suggest that airplane-borne sewage can effectively contribute to the fast and global spread of antibiotic resistance.

       https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.9b03236