摘要

      水产养殖作为发展抗生素耐药性的环境门户受到了广泛关注。中华绒螯蟹产业对我国淡水养殖业贡献显著。然而，目前尚不清楚中华绒螯蟹养殖环境中的抗药性状况。本研究采用高通量测序的方法，对江苏省3个中华绒螯蟹养殖池塘的细菌群落结构、抗药性基因（ARGs）的丰度和多样性以及可移动基因元件（MGEs）进行了综合研究。水样中的优势菌为蛋白菌、放线菌和类杆菌，沉积物中的优势菌为蛋白菌、氯仿、疣菌和类杆菌。杆菌肽和多药分别是水体和沉积物中主要的ARG类型。MGEs与ARGs呈显著相关。尤其是质粒是最丰富的mge，与ARGs密切相关。这是首次在中华绒螯蟹养殖环境中应用亚基因组方法研究抗药性。结果表明，机会性病原体可能通过水平基因转移获得精氨酸，增加了对人体健康的潜在危害。

       Aquaculture has attracted significant attention as an environmental gateway to the development of antibiotic resistance. The industry of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis contributes significantly to the freshwater aquaculture industry in China. However, the situation of antibiotic resistance in the E. sinensis aquaculture environment is not known. In this study, high-throughput sequencing based metagenomic approaches were used to comprehensively investigate the structure of bacterial communities, the abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), as well as mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in three E. sinensis aquaculture ponds in Jiangsu Province, China. The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes in water samples and Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobia, and Bacteroidetes in sediment samples. Bacitracin and multidrug were predominant ARG types in water and sediment samples, respectively. There was a significant correlation between MGEs and ARGs. In particular, plasmids were the most abundant MGEs and strongly correlated with ARGs. This is the first study of antibiotic resistome that uses metagenomic approaches in the E. sinensis aquaculture environment. The results indicate that the opportunistic pathogens may acquire ARGs via horizontal gene transfer, intensifying the potential risk to human health.

        https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653519302607?via%3Dihub