摘要

      在尼日利亚，制药废水通常在河水中传播；这可能与人类和动物的公共健康风险有关。本研究对制药废水中的耐药菌（ARB）及其耐药谱进行了鉴定，并对sul1和sul2基因进行了筛选。在非选择性培养基上分离废水源的细菌组成，用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增16srrna基因，随后用限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）和测序进行分组。采用标准纸片扩散板法和最低抑菌浓度法（MICs）对分离菌株进行药敏分析。共分离到254株细菌，多数为不动杆菌属、肺炎克雷伯菌属、奇异变形杆菌属、肠杆菌属和芽孢杆菌属，其中218株（85.8%）为耐多药菌株。研究中使用的所有抗生素的MICs值都很高。结果表明，31.7%、21.7%和43.3%的菌株分别含有sul1、sul2和Intl1基因。制药废水是潜在的ARBs储库，可能含有对公众健康有潜在风险的耐药基因。

       In Nigeria, pharmaceutical wastewaters are routinely disseminated in river waters; this could be associated with public health risk to humans and animals. In this study, we characterized antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and their antibiotic resistance profile as well as screening for sul1 and sul2 genes in pharmaceutical wastewater effluents. Bacterial composition of the wastewater sources was isolated on non-selective media and characterized by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA genes, with subsequent grouping using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing. The antibiotics sensitivity profiles were investigated using the standard disk diffusion plate method and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of selected antibiotics on the bacterial isolates. A total of 254 bacterial strains were isolated, and majority of the isolates were identified as Acinetobacter sp., Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter sp. and Bacillus sp. A total of 218 (85.8%) of the bacterial isolates were multidrug resistant. High MICs values were observed for all antibiotics used in the study. The result showed that 31.7%, 21.7% and 43.3% of the bacterial isolates harbored sul1, sul2, and Intl1 genes, respectively. Pharmaceuticals wastewaters are potential reservoirs of ARBs which may harbor resistance genes with possible risk to public health.

        https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6069043/