摘要

       雨水污染可通过营养物和病原体的流入威胁水生生态系统和人类的健康。本研究采用高通量微流控qPCR（MFQPCR）技术，测定了佛罗里达州坦帕湾干湿气候条件下几种雨水排放口（sdo）中11种病原菌和47种耐药基因（ARGs）的浓度，美国。本研究中产生的数据还与最近一项研究中收集的同一SDO中的粪便指示菌（FIB）和污水相关分子标记物（即类杆菌HF183和撞击标记物）水平进行了比较（Ahmed等人，2018）。在坦帕湾，FIB、污水相关标志物、病原菌和许多arg的浓度较高，SDOs可能是潜在的微生物污染热点。可培养大肠杆菌和肠球菌的平均浓度在潮湿天气比干燥天气高10倍。大多数微生物污染物都遵循这一趋势。E、 编码毒力因子intin的大肠杆菌eaeA与20个ARGs水平相关，在潮湿天气比干燥天气更易检测到。blaKPC基因与碳青霉烯类耐药肠杆菌科相关，而β-内酰胺类耐药基因（blaNPS）仅在潮湿天气下检测到。在潮湿天气样本中，整合子基因Intl2和Intl3的检测频率增加了42%。可培养的大肠杆菌和肠球菌与47株ARG中的19株（40%）显著相关。污水相关标记crAssphage和HF183与以下参数显著相关（p<0.05）：intl1、sul1、tet（M）、ampC、mexB和tet（W）。与污水相关的标记基因以及与污水相关的ARGs的存在表明，老化的污水基础设施导致了海湾的污染物负荷。进一步的研究应着重于收集sdo中微生物污染物特别是病毒的时空数据。

        Stormwater contamination can threaten the health of aquatic ecosystems and human exposed to runoff via nutrient and pathogen influxes. In this study, the concentrations of 11 bacterial pathogens and 47 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were determined by using high-throughput microfluidic qPCR (MFQPCR) in several storm drain outfalls (SDOs) during dry and wet weather in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. Data generated in this study were also compared with the levels of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and sewage-associated molecular markers (i.e., Bacteroides HF183 and crAssphage markers) in same SDOs collected in a recent study (Ahmed et al., 2018). Concentration of FIB, sewage-associated markers, bacterial pathogens and many ARGs in water samples were relatively high and SDOs may be potentially hotspots for microbial contamination in Tampa Bay. Mean concentrations of culturable E. coli and Enterococcus spp. were tenfold higher in wet compared to dry weather. The majority of microbiological contaminants followed this trend. E. coli eaeA, encoding the virulence factor intimin, was correlated with levels of 20 ARGs, and was more frequently detected in wet weather than dry weather samples. The bla_KPC gene associated with carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae and the beta-lactam resistant gene (bla_NPS) were only detected in wet weather samples. Frequency of integron genes Intl2 and Intl3 detection increased by 42% in wet weather samples. Culturable E. coli and Enterococcus spp. significantly correlated with 19 of 47 (40%) ARG tested. Sewage-associated markers crAssphage and HF183 significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the following ARGs: intl1, sul1, tet(M), ampC, mexB, and tet(W). The presence of sewage-associated marker genes along with ARGs associated with sewage suggested that aging sewage infrastructure contributed to contaminant loading in the Bay. Further research should focus on collecting spatial and temporal data on the microbiological contaminants especially viruses in SDOs.

        https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412018301685?via%3Dihub