摘要

       抗生素耐药性是一个严重的公共卫生挑战，抗生素耐药性通过环境途径的传播继续受到关注。在地表水和城市雨水中导致抗药性基因（ARGs）传播的因素和ARGs的来源尚未得到很好的描述。在这项研究中，五个ARGs（sul1、sul2、tet（O）、tet（W）和erm（F））在城市内河三次暴雨径流过程中被量化。所有5个ARGs的风暴负荷均显著大于同等背景期。无论ARGs浓度是绝对的还是标准化到16srRNA水平，粪便指示细菌（大肠杆菌或肠球菌）均与sul1、sul2或erm（F）无显著相关性。大肠杆菌和肠球菌均与四环素耐药基因tet（O）和tet（W）相关。进行下一代鸟枪基因组测序，以更彻底地表征抗性（即ARGs的全部补充），并对当前数据库中描述的所有ARGs在暴雨径流中的发生情况进行剖面分析，以便为未来的流域监测和管理提供信息。在37到121个不同的ARG在每个流样本中被检测到，尽管ARG剖面在不同的风暴中有所不同。这项研究确定，风暴驱动的ARGs输送占整个下游负荷的相当大一部分，并广泛表征了城市抗雨水能力，以识别潜在的标志ARGs，表明影响。

       Antibiotic resistance presents a critical public health challenge and the transmission of antibiotic resistance via environmental pathways continues to gain attention. Factors driving the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in surface water and sources of ARGs in urban stormwater have not been well-characterized. In this study, five ARGs (sul1, sul2, tet(O), tet(W), and erm(F)) were quantified throughout the duration of three storm runoff events in an urban inland stream. Storm loads of all five ARGs were significantly greater than during equivalent background periods. Neither fecal indicator bacteria measured (E. coli or enterococci) was significantly correlated with sul1, sul2, or erm(F), regardless of whether ARG concentration was absolute or normalized to 16S rRNA levels. Both E. coli and enterococci were correlated with the tetracycline resistance genes, tet(O) and tet(W). Next-generation shotgun metagenomic sequencing was conducted to more thoroughly characterize the resistome (i.e., full complement of ARGs) and profile the occurrence of all ARGs described in current databases in storm runoff in order to inform future watershed monitoring and management. Between 37 and 121 different ARGs were detected in each stream sample, though the ARG profiles differed among storms. This study establishes that storm-driven transport of ARGs comprises a considerable fraction of overall downstream loadings and broadly characterizes the urban stormwater resistome to identify potential marker ARGs indicative of impact.

        https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0043135417305225?via%3Dihub