摘要

    食用动物农场实践产生的抗药性对环境的影响仍然是知识差距。这项研究调查了与密歇根州一家奶牛场使用抗生素有关的抗菌素耐药基因的命运和运输。采集粪便，土壤，动物饲料，动物饮用水，地表水和地下水样品，随后使用靶向136个基因的高平行定量PCR测量大量的抗菌素耐药基因（ARG）和活动遗传元件（MGE）。在停滞的泻湖中，总的ARG含量和检测到的数量最高。笔式饮用水中发现多达44种高丰度ARG亚型，这与粪便堆肥中的非常接近。尽管使用了不同的肥料，但ARGs的模式依土壤深度而聚类。在被奶牛场包围的地表和地下水中检测到ARGs和MGEs，在两个水域中均出现了编码碳青霉烯酶的KPC基因，这可能是由于ARGs通过径流或其他来源的运输所致。总体而言，研究结果表明，动物饲养区内外的ARGs普遍存在，并且它们对环境ARGs的潜在贡献。

    The environmental implications of antimicrobial resistance arising from food animal farm practice is still a knowledge gap. This study investigates the fate and transport of antimicrobial resistance genes related to the use of antibiotics on a dairy farm in Michigan. Manure, soil, animal feed, animal drinking water, surface and groundwater samples were taken and the abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were subsequently measured using high parallel quantitative PCR targeting 136 genes. The total abundance and detected numbers of ARGs were found to be highest in the stagnant lagoon. Up to 44 ARG subtypes with high abundance were found in drinking water in pen which was very close to those in manure compost. The ARGs pattern clustered by soil depth although they were treated by different manure. ARGs and MGEs were detected in surface and groundwater surrounded by dairy farmlands, with the occurrence of carbapenemase-encoding KPC gene in two waters, which may be due to transport of ARGs through runoff or other sources. Overall, the results of the study suggest high prevalence of ARGs both inside and outside the animal raising area and their potential contribution to environmental ARGs.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969721025602