摘要

    醌类化合物可以显着加速难处理污染物的厌氧生物转化。但是，在这些含污染物的废水的生物处理中，应用醌类化合物对抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的传播没有效果。在这项研究中，蒽醌-2-磺酸盐固定在聚氨酯泡沫（AQS-PUF）上的催化性能，ARGs，流动基因元素（MGEs）的变化以及附着在AQS-PUF和PUF上的厌氧菌在上游流动性上的变化生物反应器进行了调查。结果表明，AQS-PUF可以显着加速偶氮染料RR X-3B的脱色。同时，宏基因组学分析表明，在固定化AQS的存在下，ARG的总绝对丰度增加。在ARGs中，AQS-PUF生物膜中编码外排泵的ARGs占总ARGs的35.7％，由于固定化AQS的存在，略高于PUF（32.1％）。在固定化AQS的存在下，引起人们极大关注的对MLS（大环内酯，林可酰胺和链霉菌素），四环素和磺酰胺耐药性的ARGs的相对丰度分别降低了10％，21.7％和7.3％。此外，固定的AQS导致质粒，转座子和I类整合子的相对丰度降低。在检测到的位于MGE中的31种ARG亚型中，AQS-PUF生物膜中的lnuF，msrE和mphD的相对丰度比PUF生物膜中的相对丰度高2倍以上。但是，这三个ARGs及其宿主的丙种细菌在微生物群落中并不占主导地位。位于MGE中的更多ARG的相对丰度有所下降，包括MLS（lnuB和EreA），四环素（tetH）抗性基因，这是由于其宿主的相对丰度降低所致。这些研究表明，添加固定化的AQS（约0.25 mM）对减少印染废水生物处理过程中ARG的扩散具有有益的作用。

    Quinone compounds could significantly accelerate anaerobic biotransformation of refractory pollutants. However, the effect of quinone compounds application on the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the bio-treatment of these pollutants-containing wastewater is not available. In this study, the catalytic performance of anthraquinone-2-sulfonate immobilized on polyurethane foam (AQS-PUF), changes of ARGs, mobile gene elements (MGEs) and microbial community structure attached on AQS-PUF and PUF in the up-flow anaerobic bioreactors were investigated. The results showed that AQS-PUF could significantly accelerate the decolorization of azo dye RR X–3B. Meanwhile, metagenomics analysis showed that the total absolute abundance of ARGs increased in the presence of the immobilized AQS. Among ARGs, the number of the efflux pump-encoding ARGs in the biofilm of AQS-PUF accounted for 35.7% of the total ARGs, which was slightly higher than that of PUF (32.1%) due to the presence of the immobilized AQS. The relative abundances of ARGs conferring resistance to MLS (macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin), tetracycline and sulfonamide, which were deeply concerned, reduced 10%, 21.7% and 7.3% in the presence of the immobilized AQS, respectively. Moreover, the immobilized AQS resulted in the decreased relative abundance of plasmids, transposons and class I integrons. Among the detected 31 ARG subtypes located in MGEs, the relative abundances of only lnuF, msrE and mphD in the biofilm of AQS-PUF were over 2-fold higher compared with those in the biofilm of PUF. However, the three ARGs and their host Gammaproteobacteria was not dominant in microbial community. The relative abundances of more ARGs including MLS (lnuB and EreA), tetracycline (tetH) resistance genes located in MGEs decreased, which was attributed to the decreased relative abundance of their hosts. These studies showed that the addition of the immobilized AQS (around 0.25 mM) had a beneficial effect on reducing the spread of ARGs during dyeing wastewater bio-treatment.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479721000293