摘要

    可能包含抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的堆肥畜禽粪便在中国被广泛用作天然肥料。但是，土壤类型对ARGs的影响尚不十分清楚，特别是在长期施用肥料的温室位置。我们调查了中国黄河三角洲地区温室中肉桂，潮水和盐碱土壤中ARGs的分布。总共检测到193个ARGs亚型，其中多药和氨基糖苷类耐药基因是最普遍的ARGs亚型。土壤类型影响ARGs的分布，潮土和盐碱土中的ARGs的多样性和相对丰度高于肉桂土。在非生物因素中，砂土，pH和锌对肉桂土壤中ARGs的贡献更大，而砂土和Cd，粘土和Pb在潮土和盐碱土中的贡献最大。此外，潮水土壤中ARGs的相对丰度与移动遗传元件（MGEs）之间呈正相关，这表明ARGs在此类土壤中具有较高的传播潜力。总体而言，与重金属共选和土壤理化特性相比，MGEs在温室土壤中ARGs的分布中起着积极的主要作用。

    Composted livestock and poultry manure, which may contain antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), is widely used as natural fertilizer in China. But the influence of soil types on ARGs is not well characterized, particularly at greenhouse sites with long-term manure application. We investigated the distribution of ARGs in the cinnamon, fluvo-aquic and saline-alkali soils in greenhouse of Yellow River Delta region, China. A total of 193 ARGs subtypes were detected, with multidrug and aminoglycoside resistance genes as the most universal ARGs subtypes. Soil types influenced the ARGs distribution, where higher levels of diversity and relative abundance of ARGs in the fluvo-aquic and saline-alkali soils compared with those in the cinnamon soils. Among abiotic factors, sand, pH and Zn contributed more to the pattern of ARGs in the cinnamon soils, whereas sand and Cd, clay and Pb contributed the most in the fluvo-aquic and saline-alkali soils respectively. Furthermore, positive correlations between the relative abundances of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in the fluvo-aquic soils, suggesting higher dissemination potential of ARGs in this type of soil. Overall, MGEs played a positive primary role in the ARGs distribution in greenhouse soil than heavy metal co-selection and soil physicochemical properties.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389420303228