摘要

    近年来，在病原体中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的繁殖和抗生素抗性的增强已引起人们的高度重视。许多报告调查了生活污水，医疗废水和水产养殖废水对河流和湖泊的影响，而对海水中ARGs的动态以及ARGs，细菌群落结构和环境因素之间的关系的描述却很少。本研究调查了大鹏湾海水环境和沉积物中ARGs的含量，分布和来源，以及ARGs，细菌群落变化和环境因素之间的关系。应用实时定量PCR和Illumina Miseq测序技术确定网箱养殖，旅游业和季节性的生产周期对ARG的影响。氯霉素抗性基因（floR，cmlA）和磺酰胺抗性基因（sul1）是水和沉积物中的主要抗性基因。 Pearson的相关分析表明，所有ARG和整合酶I基因intI1的丰度与化学需氧量和悬浮固体呈正相关。 1类整合素可能有助于ARG的传播，并且在所有样品中都检测到了高浓度的intI1。在水环境中，蓝细菌，变形杆菌和拟杆菌是最主要的门，其中变形杆菌和拟杆菌与目标ARGs的浓度呈正相关。在沉积物中，变形杆菌，拟杆菌，绿弯曲菌，酸性细菌和扁平菌是主要的门，其中细菌和扁平菌与大多数目标ARGs正相关，并且对ARGs丰度的变化有显着影响。生活污水是海水中ARGs的主要来源。我们的结果表明细菌群落结构和环境因素影响ARGs的分布动力学。人为活动在促进海水环境中ARGs的丰度中起着重要作用。

    In recent years, the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and increased antibiotic resistance in pathogens have gained serious attention. Numerous reports have investigated the influence of domestic sewage discharge, medical wastewater and aquaculture wastewater on rivers and lakes, while the dynamics of ARGs in seawater and the relationships between ARGs, bacterial community structure and environmental factors have been less thoroughly described. In this study, the abundance, distribution and source of ARGs, as well as the relationships between ARGs, bacterial community changes and environmental factors in the seawater environment and sediment of Dapeng Cove, were investigated. Real-time quantitative PCR and Illumina Miseq sequencing technology were applied to determine the effects of the production cycle of cage culture, tourism and seasonality on ARGs. Chloramphenicol resistance genes (floR, cmlA) and sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1) were the dominant resistance genes in water and sediment. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the abundance of all ARGs and the integrase I gene intI1 was positively correlated with chemical oxygen demand and suspended solids. Class 1 integrons might facilitate the dissemination of ARGs, and intI1 was detected in all samples at high concentrations. In aqueous environments, Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla, among which Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were positively correlated with the concentration of target ARGs. In the sediment, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes were the dominant phyla, among which Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes were positively correlated with most of the target ARGs and had a significant influence on changes in the abundance of ARGs. The domestic sewage was the main source of ARGs in the seawater. Our results showed that bacterial community structure and environmental factors affected the distributional dynamics of ARGs. Anthropogenic activities played significant roles in promoting ARGs abundance in the seawater environments.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969720315400