摘要

    已经证明，纳米塑料可以有效地吸附污染物，从而影响其行为和可用性。纳米塑料及其吸附的污染物对土壤动物的综合毒性作用仍不为人所知。我们使用高通量定量PCR来研究口服纳米级聚苯乙烯和四环素暴露对无脊椎动物土壤棘球藻的抗生素抗性基因的影响，并使用细菌16S rRNA基因扩增测序来检查隐孢子虫微生物组的反应。四环素和纳米级聚苯乙烯暴露14天后，我们终止了暴露并监测了隐孢子虫中ARG和微生物组的恢复。结果显示，暴露于纳米级聚苯乙烯和四环素后，ARG的数量增加，尤其是大环内酯-林可酰胺-链霉菌素B（MLSB），四环素ARG和多药ARG的数量增加。隐孢子虫中氨基糖苷和β_内酰胺酶ARG的含量也显着增加。接触显着扰动了微细菌科，链球菌科，肠杆菌科，杜鹃花科和鞘脂科的丰富生物。在终止暴露14天后，ARG的多样性和丰度并未完全恢复，而微生物组并没有发生永久性变化，而是受到了可逆的影响。

    It has been proved that nanoplastics can effectively adsorb pollutants and thus influence their behavior and availability. The combined toxic effects of nanoplastic and its adsorbed pollutant on the soil fauna are still not well known. We used high-throughput quantitative PCR to explore the effects of oral nanoscale polystyrene and tetracycline exposure on antibiotic resistance genes in the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus, and used bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplification sequencing to examine the response of the microbiome of E. crypticus. After 14 days of tetracycline and nanoscale polystyrene exposure, we terminated exposure and monitored the restoration of ARGs and microbiome in the E. crypticus. Results showed that the number of ARGs, especially macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB), tetracycline ARGs, as well as multidrug ARGs, increased with exposure to nanoscale polystyrene and tetracycline. The abundance of Aminoglycoside and Beta_Lactamase ARGs in E. crypticus also significantly increased. The exposure significantly perturbed the abundance of families Microbacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Rhodocyclaceae and Sphinomonadaceae. After terminating exposure for 14 days, the diversity and abundance of ARGs were not completely restored, while the microbiome was not permanently changed but reversibly impacted.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389419319661