摘要

       抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 是一个全球性的健康问题。抗生素耐药性自然发生，但人类和动物滥用抗生素正在加速抗生素耐药性紧急情况的进程，由于暴露于临床和农业环境中存在的抗生素分子以及许多国家参与水再利用，特别是在中东东非和北非地区。噬菌体有可能通过转导过程成为 ARGs 传播的重要参与者。这些病毒与 ARGs 一起在未受影响的栖息地和人为影响的环境中被检测到，如废水、再生水和粪便改良土壤以及最低限度加工的食品和即食蔬菜。噬菌体的普遍存在及其在环境中的持久性引起了人们对它们参与不同生物群落之间 ARGs 传播以及对人类健康构成巨大威胁的耐药细菌的产生的担忧。本综述的目的是概述噬菌体在传播和将 ARGs 转移到食品生产和加工中的病原体中的潜在作用，以及随后通过粪便口服途径将 ARGs 携带到我们的菜肴中对抗生素耐药性传播的贡献。

       Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are a global health concern. Antibiotic resistance occurs naturally, but misuse of antibiotics in humans and animals is accelerating the process of antibiotic resistance emergency, which has been aggravated by exposure to molecules of antibiotics present in clinical and agricultural settings and the engagement of many countries in water reuse especially in Middle East and North Africa region. Bacteriophages have the potential to be significant actors in ARGs transmission through the transduction process. These viruses have been detected along with ARGs in non impacted habitats and in anthropogenic impacted environments like wastewater, reclaimed water and manure amended soil as well as minimally processed food and ready to eat vegetables. The ubiquity of bacteriophages and their persistence in the environment raises concern about their involvement in ARGs transmission among different biomes and the generation of pathogenic-resistant bacteria that pose a great threat to human health. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the potential role of bacteriophages in the dissemination and the transfer of ARGs to pathogens in food production and processing and the consequent contribution to antibiotic resistance transmission through faecal oral route carrying ARGs to our dishes.

https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jam.14851