摘要

       温室蔬菜生产（GVP）土壤中大量施用粪肥，而粪肥施肥往往会导致土壤中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的增殖。然而，关于不同类型粪便对 GVP 土壤中 ARGs 影响的综合研究仍然未知，并且 GVP 土壤中 ARGs 的基线水平很难量化。本研究使用高通量定量 PCR 对 GVP 土壤中的 ARG 进行了全面调查。我们发现施肥土壤中 ARG 多样性和绝对丰度升高，而用不同类型的粪便修正的土壤 ARG 没有显着差异。冗余分析表明细菌群落组成和环境因素的变化部分促成了 ARG 谱的变化。二分网络分析表明，在非施肥土壤中检测到 1 个 ARG，而在施肥土壤中仅检测到 50 个 ARG 和 4 个移动基因元件，这表明从粪便中引入 ARG 在很大程度上解释了施肥土壤中 ARG 多样性的增加。通过比较施肥和非施肥土壤的 ARG 绝对丰度，我们估计了非施肥土壤中 ARG 绝对丰度的典型水平，这为评估 GVP 土壤中 ARG 污染提供了第一个粗略的 ARG 基线水平。

       A large quantity of manure is applied in greenhouse vegetable production (GVP) soils, while manure fertilization often leads to the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soils. However, comprehensive study on the effects of different types of manure on ARGs in GVP soils remains unknown, and the baseline level of ARGs in GVP soil is poorly quantified. This study conducted a comprehensive survey of ARGs in GVP soils using high-throughput quantitative PCR. We found elevated ARG diversity and absolute abundance in fertilized soil, whereas no significant difference in soil ARGs amended with different types of manure. Redundancy analysis indicated that the change of bacterial community compositions and environmental factors contributed partially to the shift in ARG profiles. Bipartite network analysis indicated that one ARG was detected in non-manured soils, while 50 ARGs and 4 mobile gene elements were exclusively detected in fertilized soils, suggesting introduction of ARGs from manure into soils largely explained the increased ARG diversity in fertilized soil. By comparison of ARG absolute abundance between manured and non-manured soil, we estimated the typical level of ARG absolute abundance in non-manured soil, which provided the first rough baseline level of ARGs to assess ARG contamination in GVP soils.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389420302557