摘要

       猪污水处理厂已成为抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的主要来源之一。膜处理工艺是去除新兴污染物的有前途的解决方案。然而，有限的研究调查了纳滤和反渗透处理去除猪废水中 ARGs 的效果。在这项研究中，在一个中型（6500）猪场污水处理厂（WWTP）中调查了常见 ARG 的存在和归宿，包括 sul1、sul2、tetA、tetM 和 tetW，以及 intI1 和 16S rRNA 基因配备常规生物处理和先进的膜处理系统。在未经处理的污水中检测到所有基因的丰度都很高。猪废水处理厂的生物处理并没有减少 ARGs 的数量。正如预期的那样，纳滤和反渗透处理有效地减少了 ARG 的绝对基因拷贝数（与未经处理的污水相比，去除了 4.98-9.52 个对数）。然而，与反渗透流出物相比，人工湿地中 ARGs 的绝对丰度增加了 1.00-2.06 个对数。同时，磺胺类抗性基因的相对丰度基本不变，而四环素类抗性基因（tetA、tetM、tetW）分别下降了0.88、3.47、2.51 log。结果表明，先进的膜处理能够有效去除各种 ARG，以及一些常见的氮和磷污染物。该研究提出了一种成熟的替代方法，可用于去除牲畜废水中的 ARG。

       Swine wastewater treatment plant has become one of the main sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Membrane treatment processes are promising solutions for removal of the emerging contaminants. However, limited studies have investigated the effects of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis treatment in removing ARGs in swine wastewater. In this study, the presence and the fate of common ARGs including sul1, sul2, tetA, tetM and tetW, as well as intI1 and 16S rRNA gene, were investigated in a medium-sized (6500) pig farm wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) equipped with conventional biological treatment and advanced membrane processing system. All of the genes were detected with highly abundance in the raw sewage. The biological treatments of the swine wastewater treatment plant did not reduce the quantity of the ARGs. As expected, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis treatment reduced the absolute gene copy number of ARGs efficiently (4.98–9.52 logs removal compared to raw sewage). Compared to the reverse osmosis effluent, however, the absolute abundance of ARGs in the artificial wetland increased by 1.00–2.06 logs. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of sulfonamide resistant genes were basically unchanged, while tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetM and tetW) decreased by 0.88, 3.47, 2.51 log, respectively. The results demonstrated that advanced membrane treatments are capable of removing various kinds of ARGs efficiently, as well as some common nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants. This study suggested a mature alternative method for the removal of ARGs from livestock wastewater.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479718312076