摘要

       抗生素耐药菌（ARB）和抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）已被公认为21世纪最大的公共卫生问题之一。在用常规消毒剂处理后的水中，ARB 和 ARG 均已测定。紫外线 (UV) 技术在水消毒方面的应用不断增长。然而，单独的紫外线方法不足以降解水中的 ARG。研究人员正在研究紫外线与其他氧化剂（氯、过氧化氢 (H2O2)、过硫酸盐 (PMS) 和光催化剂）的组合，以利用产生的活性物质（Cl·、ClO·、Cl2·−、·OH、和 SO4·-) 与细胞成分（例如，脱氧核糖核酸 (DNA) 及其成分）在这样的过程中，以提高 ARG 的降解效率。本文简要回顾了不同基于紫外线的处理（紫外线/氯化、紫外线/H2O2、紫外线/PMS 和紫外线光催化）的现状，以降解 ARGs 并控制水中的水平基因转移 (HGT)。该评论还讨论了 ARG 的降解机制以及 q-PCR 和凝胶电泳的应用，以深入了解基于紫外线的处理过程中 ARG 的命运。

       Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been recognized as one of the biggest public health issues of the 21st century. Both ARB and ARGs have been determined in water after treatment with conventional disinfectants. Ultraviolet (UV) technology has been seen growth in application to disinfect the water. However, UV method alone is not adequate to degrade ARGs in water. Researchers are investigating the combination of UV with other oxidants (chlorine, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and photocatalysts) to harness the high reactivity of produced reactive species (Cl·, ClO·, Cl2·−, ·OH, and SO4·−) in such processes with constituents of cell (e.g., deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and its components) in order to increase the degradation efficiency of ARGs. This paper briefly reviews the current status of different UV-based treatments (UV/chlorination, UV/H2O2, UV/PMS, and UV-photocatalysis) to degrade ARGs and to control horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in water. The review also provides discussion on the mechanism of degradation of ARGs and application of q-PCR and gel electrophoresis to obtain insights of the fate of ARGs during UV-based treatment processes.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11783-019-1122-7