摘要

       抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的持久性和扩散性是评估水产养殖环境中 ARG 风险的重要因素。在这里，我们在芬兰波罗的海北部的水产养殖设施中定量检测了磺胺类药物（sul1 和 sul2）和甲氧苄啶（dfrA1）的 ARG 以及 1 类整合子 (intI1) 的整合酶基因。在 2006 年至 2012 年的 6 年观察期内，ARGs 以非常低的抗生素浓度持续存在于养鱼场下方的沉积物中。 sul1 和 intI1 基因之间的拷贝数显着相关，表明 1 类整合子可能通过水平基因转移在农场沉积物中 sul1 的流行中发挥作用。总之，ARG 的存在可能会限制抗生素治疗鱼类疾病的有效性，从而对水产养殖业造成潜在风险。然而，养殖场中 ARG 的有限存在不太可能对养殖场周围波罗的海北部沉积物环境造成严重影响。

       Persistence and dispersal of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are important factors for assessing ARG risk in aquaculture environments. Here, we quantitatively detected ARGs for sulphonamides (sul1 and sul2) and trimethoprim (dfrA1) and an integrase gene for a class 1 integron (intI1) at aquaculture facilities in the northern Baltic Sea, Finland. The ARGs persisted in sediments below fish farms at very low antibiotic concentrations during the 6-year observation period from 2006 to 2012. Although the ARGs persisted in the farm sediments, they were less prevalent in the surrounding sediments. The copy numbers between the sul1 and intI1 genes were significantly correlated suggesting that class 1 integrons may play a role in the prevalence of sul1 in the farm sediments through horizontal gene transfer. In conclusion, the presence of ARGs may limit the effectiveness of antibiotics in treating fish illnesses, thereby causing a potential risk to the aquaculture industry. However, the restricted presence of ARGs at the farms is unlikely to cause serious effects in the northern Baltic Sea sediment environments around the farms.

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0092702