摘要

       土壤是我们生态系统的重要组成部分，作为营养源起着至关重要的作用，为植物和其他生物提供栖息地。抗生素的过度使用加速了抗生素抗性细菌 (ARB) 和抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的发展和传播。 ARB 和 ARGs 被认为是新出现的环境污染物，导致土壤污染和对公众健康的严重威胁。 ARB 和 ARGs 通过多种途径排放到土壤中。粪肥在农业中的应用是 ARB 和 ARGs 在土壤中传播的主要来源之一。审查和分析了 ARB 和 ARG 的不同污染源以及土壤中的传播机制。评价了 ARB 和 ARGs 对土壤细菌群落的影响。此外，分析了不同粪便来源对土壤微生物多样性的影响以及抗生素对土壤中 ARB 和 ARGs 发育的影响。研究了与 ARB 和 ARG 在土壤中扩散相关的人类健康风险评估。最后，提出了建议和缓解策略。

       Soil is an essential part of our ecosystem and plays a crucial role as a nutrient source, provides habitat for plants and other organisms. Overuse of antibiotics has accelerated the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). ARB and ARGs are recognized as emerging environmental contaminants causing soil pollution and serious risks to public health. ARB and ARGs are discharged into soils through several pathways. Application of manure in agriculture is one of the primary sources of ARB and ARGs dissemination in the soil. Different sources of contamination by ARB and ARGs were reviewed and analyzed as well as dissemination mechanisms in the soil. The effects of ARB and ARGs on soil bacterial community were evaluated. Furthermore, the impact of different sources of manure on soil microbial diversity as well as the effect of antibiotics on the development of ARB and ARGs in soils was analyzed. Human health risk assessments associated with the spreading of ARB and ARGs in soils were investigated. Finally, recommendations and mitigation strategies were proposed.

https://europepmc.org/article/med/33948742