摘要

       环境中抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 和病原体的出现和流行是严重的全球健康问题。然而，关于娱乐用水中 ARGs 和病原体发生的信息仍然有限。因此，我们调查了三个休闲湖泊中六种 ARG 和人类病原体的发生情况，并分析了 ARG 与一种移动遗传元件（intI1）之间的相关性。定量 PCR 结果表明，水中 ARGs 的浓度范围为 4.58×100 至 5.0×105 拷贝/mL，沉积物中的干重 (dw) 为 5.78×103 至 5.89×108 拷贝/g。 Sul1 在五个可量化的 ARG 中表现出最高水平。 sul1、bla-TEM 和 tetX 的浓度与 intI1 呈显着正相关（p<0.05），表明 intI1 可能参与了它们的增殖。 ARGs 的检测频率范围为 75%–100%，表明这些风险在该地区普遍存在。大肠杆菌、气单胞菌属、鸟分枝杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肠沙门氏菌在水中的浓度范围为 103 至 105 份/100 毫升，沉积物中的浓度为 104 至 106 份/克干重。总共有 25% 的样本含有所有病原体基因，表明这些病原体在休闲湖泊中普遍存在。此外，二代测序结果显示，该地区存在68个病原体属，其中气单胞菌属、分枝杆菌属和假单胞菌属是该地区的优势菌种，对公众健康构成相当大的潜在健康风险。总体而言，ARG 和病原体的广泛分布强调需要更好地监测和减轻它们在休闲湖泊中的传播以及对人类健康的相关风险。

       The emergence and prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pathogens in the environment are serious global health concern. However, information about the occurrence of ARGs and pathogens in recreational water is still limited. Accordingly, we investigated the occurrence of six ARGs and human pathogens in three recreational lakes, and the correlations between ARGs and one mobile genetic element (intI1) were analyzed. The quantitative PCR results showed that the concentration of ARGs ranged from 4.58 × 100 to 5.0 × 105 copies/mL in water and from 5.78 × 103 to 5.89 × 108 copies/g dry weight (dw) in sediment. Sul1 exhibited the highest level among the five quantifiable ARGs. The concentrations of sul1, bla-TEM, and tetX exhibited significant positive correlations with intI1 (p < 0.05), indicating that intI1 may be involved in their proliferation. The detection frequencies of ARGs ranged from 75%–100%, indicating the prevalence of these risks in this region. The concentration of Escherichia coli, Aeromonas spp., Mycobacterium avium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella enterica ranged from 103 to 105 copies/100 mL in water and 104–106 copies/g dw in sediment. In total, 25% of the samples harbored all pathogen genes, indicating the prevalence of these pathogens in recreational lakes. Furthermore, the next-generation sequencing results showed that 68 genera of pathogens were present, among which Aeromonas, Mycobacterium, and Pseudomonas were the dominant ones in this region, posing a considerable potential health risk to public health. Overall, the widespread distribution of ARGs and pathogens underscores the need to better monitor and mitigate their propagation in recreational lakes and the associated risks to human health.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1001074218309999