摘要

       微生物之间抗生素耐药性的增加导致人们对污水处理厂 (WWTP) 的研究越来越感兴趣，因为据报道它们是环境中抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 和重金属抗性基因 (HMRG) 传播的主要来源.在这项研究中，我们使用基于高通量测序的宏基因组方法调查了韩国光州污水处理厂进水和出水中 ARGs 和 HMRGs 的流行和持久性以及细菌多样性和移动遗传元件 (MGEs)。大量广谱抗性基因（ARG 和 HMRG）普遍存在并且可能持续存在，尽管其中大部分在废水处理过程中被成功去除。与流入水相比，流出物中 ARGs 和 MGEs 的相对丰度更高。我们的结果表明，高丰度的抗性基因和携带 ARG 和 MGE 的细菌可能会在整个治疗过程中持续存在。在分析微生物群落时，变形杆菌门，尤其是属于不动杆菌属的潜在致病菌，在污水处理厂中占主导地位。总体而言，我们的研究表明，许多 ARG 和 HMRG 可能会持续处理污水处理厂的处理过程，并且它们与 MGE 的关联可能有助于抗性基因在环境中微生物中的传播。

       The increased antibiotic resistance among microorganisms has resulted into growing interest for investigating the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as they are reported to be the major source in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) in the environment. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and persistence of ARGs and HMRGs as well as bacterial diversity and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in influent and effluent at the WWTP in Gwangju, South Korea, using high-throughput sequencing based metagenomic approach. A good number of broad-spectrum of resistance genes (both ARG and HMRG) were prevalent and likely persistent, although large portion of them were successfully removed at the wastewater treatment process. The relative abundance of ARGs and MGEs was higher in effluent as compared to that of influent. Our results suggest that the resistance genes with high abundance and bacteria harbouring ARGs and MGEs are likely to persist more through the treatment process. On analyzing the microbial community, the phylum Proteobacteria, especially potentially pathogenic species belonging to the genus Acinetobacter, dominated in WWTP. Overall, our study demonstrates that many ARGs and HMRGs may persist the treatment processes in WWTPs and their association to MGEs may contribute to the dissemination of resistance genes among microorganisms in the environment.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12275-018-8195-z