摘要

       水产养殖作为发展抗生素耐药性的环境途径已引起了极大的关注。中华绒螯蟹产业为中国淡水养殖业做出了重大贡献。然而，目前尚不清楚中华鳖养殖环境中抗生素耐药性的情况。在这项研究中，基于高通量测序的宏基因组方法被用于综合调查三个 E. sinensis 水产养殖池塘中细菌群落的结构、抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 的丰度和多样性以及移动遗传元件 (MGE)。在中国江苏省。主要的门是水样中的变形菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门，沉积物样品中的变形菌门、绿屈曲菌、疣微菌门和拟杆菌门。杆菌肽和多药分别是水和沉积物样品中的主要 ARG 类型。 MGEs和ARGs之间存在显着相关性。特别是，质粒是最丰富的 MGE，并且与 ARG 密切相关。这是首次在 E. sinensis 水产养殖环境中使用宏基因组方法对抗生素抗性组进行研究。结果表明，条件致病菌可能通过水平基因转移获得 ARGs，从而加剧了对人类健康的潜在风险。

       Aquaculture has attracted significant attention as an environmental gateway to the development of antibiotic resistance. The industry of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis contributes significantly to the freshwater aquaculture industry in China. However, the situation of antibiotic resistance in the E. sinensis aquaculture environment is not known. In this study, high-throughput sequencing based metagenomic approaches were used to comprehensively investigate the structure of bacterial communities, the abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), as well as mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in three E. sinensis aquaculture ponds in Jiangsu Province, China. The dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes in water samples and Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobia, and Bacteroidetes in sediment samples. Bacitracin and multidrug were predominant ARG types in water and sediment samples, respectively. There was a significant correlation between MGEs and ARGs. In particular, plasmids were the most abundant MGEs and strongly correlated with ARGs. This is the first study of antibiotic resistome that uses metagenomic approaches in the E. sinensis aquaculture environment. The results indicate that the opportunistic pathogens may acquire ARGs via horizontal gene transfer, intensifying the potential risk to human health.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653519302607