摘要

       全球每年约有 3.5 亿吨固体废物在垃圾填埋场进行处理，数百万立方米的垃圾渗滤液被排放到邻近环境中。然而，迄今为止，对现场渗滤液处理系统中抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 的变化及其在渗滤液接收水环境中的发展知之甚少。在这里，我们量化了包括生物处理 (MBR) 在内的渗滤液联合处理过程中的 7 种抗生素抗性基因 (ARG) 亚型、3 种可培养抗生素抗性细菌 (ARB) 和 6 种移动遗传元件 (MGE) 亚型、物理分离（UF）、紫外线（UV）消毒和高级氧化工艺（AOP）。 ARGs、ARB和MGEs的含量普遍被MBR富集，但随着三级处理的进行而显着降低。然而，在接收污水的水样中，主要 ARG（即 ermB、sul1、blaTEM）的丰度在 96 小时内增加了 1.5 个数量级，同时 MGE（~10.0log10(copies/mL) 和总ARB (~1100CFU/mL)。结构相关性分析表明，目标 ARGs 与 MGEs 密切相关，特别是在污水接收样品中（Procrustes 测试；M2=0.49，R=0.71，P=0.001）；并且 ARB 的发生是主要分别受 ARG 分布和环境条件（例如氮形态）在出水和接受组中的影响。本研究表明，目前的处理技术和操作协议在应对出水接收水环境中 AMR 的发展方面是不可行的，特别是在潮汐中能够长时间保留污染物的河流。 

       Around the world, about 350 million tons of solid waste are processed in landfills every year, and millions of cubic meters of landfill leachate are discharged into the adjacent environment. However, to date, little is known about the changes in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the on-site leachate treatment system and its development in the leachate receiving water environment. Here, we quantified 7 antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) subtypes, 3 culturable antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) and 6 mobile genetics during the combined treatment of leachate including biological treatment (MBR) Component (MGE) subtype, physical separation (UF), ultraviolet (UV) disinfection and advanced oxidation process (AOP). The contents of ARGs, ARB and MGEs are generally enriched by MBR, but they decrease significantly with the progress of the tertiary treatment. However, in the water samples receiving sewage, the abundance of the main ARGs (ie ermB, sul1, blaTEM) increased by 1.5 orders of magnitude within 96 hours, while the MGE (~10.0log10(copies/mL) and total ARB (~1100CFU) /mL). The structural correlation analysis shows that the target ARGs and MGEs are closely related, especially in the sewage receiving samples (Procrustes test; M2=0.49, R=0.71, P=0.001); and the occurrence of ARB is mainly affected by ARG The influence of distribution and environmental conditions (such as nitrogen form) in the effluent and receiving groups. This study shows that the current treatment technology and operating protocol are not feasible to deal with the development of AMR in the effluent and receiving water environment, especially in the tides Rivers that can retain pollutants for a long time.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412017321177