摘要

       动物粪便是抗生素残留和抗生素耐药性的主要储存库。在这里，通过在不同温度下有氧培养猪粪和鸡粪，研究了温度对磺胺类抗生素 (SA)、磺胺耐药 (SR) 基因/细菌的影响。在猪粪中，SAs 浓度随温度升高而下降，最低值在 60 °C。在鸡粪中，SAs 的最大降解在 30 °C 时出现。猪粪中抗生素抗性基因 (ARGs) 和 sul 阳性宿主相对丰度的减少在高温培养期间比中间层培养更为明显；两种温度条件都无法有效降低鸡粪中的这些参数。进一步建立了 SA、ARG（sul1、sul2 和 intI1）、可培养的 SR 细菌和 sul 阳性宿主的残留水平/分布特征之间的关系。抗生素残留谱，而不是抗生素浓度，是粪便中 ARG 和 sul 阳性宿主流行的重要因素。来自放线菌门的棒状杆菌和白杆菌往往是 sul1 和 intI1 的主要载体； sul2 的相对丰度与可培养的 SR 细菌的相对丰度显着相关。总体而言，耐药细菌群落的差异也是影响 ARG 变异的主要因素。这项研究有助于减少粪便中抗生素污染和抗生素耐药性的管理选择

       Animal feces are the main reservoir of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance. Here, the effects of temperature on sulfa antibiotics (SA) and sulfa resistance (SR) genes/bacteria were studied by aerobic culture of pig manure and chicken manure at different temperatures. In pig manure, the concentration of SAs decreases with increasing temperature, and the lowest value is 60 °C. In chicken manure, the maximum degradation of SAs occurs at 30 °C. The reduction in the relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and sul-positive hosts in pig manure was more pronounced during high temperature culture than in interlayer culture; neither temperature conditions could effectively reduce these parameters in chicken manure. The relationship between SA, ARG (sul1, sul2, and intI1), cultivable SR bacteria, and residual levels/distribution characteristics of sul-positive hosts was further established. The antibiotic residue profile, not the antibiotic concentration, is an important factor in the prevalence of ARG and sul-positive hosts in stool. Corynebacterium and white bacteria from Actinomycetes are often the main carriers of sul1 and intI1; the relative abundance of sul2 is significantly related to the relative abundance of cultivable SR bacteria. In general, the difference in drug-resistant bacterial communities is also the main factor affecting the variation of ARG. This research helps reduce management options for antibiotic contamination and antibiotic resistance in feces

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969717317606