摘要

       抗生素由于能抑制病原体,治疗动物和人类疾病而被广泛用于人类的生产和生活中。但随着细菌耐药性的出现使得抗生素的种类越来越多甚至出现滥用现象,导致大量未被吸收利用的抗生素排放到环境中,破坏微生物的生态平衡,出现抗性菌(ARB)和抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)。抗生素抗性基因具有可复制,可传播并能稳定表达的特点而在不同的水环境中广泛分布,对生态环境及人体健康具有潜在风险。本文对水体环境中ARGs的分布、转移与去除情况进行综述。在此基础上,从ARGs的转移机制和去除工艺的改良方面进行了展望。

       Antibiotics are widely used in human production and life because they can inhibit pathogens and treat animal and human diseases. However, with the emergence of bacterial resistance, there are more and more types of antibiotics and even abuse, resulting in a large amount of unabsorbed antibiotics being discharged into the environment, destroying the ecological balance of microorganisms, and the emergence of resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotics. Resistance genes (ARGs). Antibiotic resistance genes have the characteristics of being replicable, spreading and stably expressing, and they are widely distributed in different water environments, which have potential risks to the ecological environment and human health. This article reviews the distribution, transfer and removal of ARGs in aquatic environment. On this basis, prospects were made for the improvement of ARGs transfer mechanism and removal process. 

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