摘要
      采用高通量定量PCR方法对微生物燃料电池（MFC）处理畜禽废水中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和可移动遗传元件（MGEs）的去向和去除效率进行了评价。结果表明，在未经处理的畜禽废水中检测到137个ARGs和9个MGE。B组（MLSB）、四环素和磺酰胺大环内酯的ARG数相对较高。在整个处理过程中，ARGs和MGE的数量和丰度显著降低。四环素、磺酰胺和氯霉素抗性基因的相对丰度呈最明显的下降趋势，MGE的相对丰度下降了75%（从0.012拷贝/16S rRNA拷贝降至0.003拷贝/16S r RNA拷贝）。然而，β-内酰胺酶抗性基因的绝对丰度略有增加。MFC的操作过程对微生物产生选择性压力，放线菌占优势，具有分解抗生素的能力。畜禽废水的COD去除率和TN去除率分别为67.81%和62.09%，最大功率密度和库仑效率分别达到11.49%和38.40%。这项研究表明，尽管MFC对COD和TN的去除有限，但MFC在降低抗生素毒性和水平基因转移的风险方面非常有效。
Abstract
The fate and removal efficiency of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in livestock wastewater by microbial fuel cell (MFC) was evaluated by High-throughput quantitative PCR. The results showed that 137 ARGs and 9 MGEs were detected in untreated livestock wastewater. The ARG number of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin group B (MLSB), tetracycline and sulfonamide were relatively higher. Throughout the treatment process, the number and abundance of ARGs and MGEs significantly decreased. The relative abundance of tetracycline, sulfonamide and chloramphenicol resistance genes showed the most obvious decreasing trend, and the relative abundance of MGEs decreased by 75% (from 0.012 copies/16S rRNA copies to 0.003 copies/16S rRNA copies). However, the absolute abundance of beta-lactamase resistance genes slightly increased. The operation process of MFC produces selective pressure on microorganisms, and Actinobacteria were predominant and had the ability to decompose antibiotics. The COD removal rate and TN removal rate of livestock wastewater were 67.81% and 62.09%, and the maximum power density and coulomb efficiency (CE) reached 11.49% and 38.40% respectively. This study demonstrated that although the removal of COD and TN by MFC was limited, MFC was quite effective in reducing the risk of antibiotic toxicity and horizontal gene transfer.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169772222000298