摘要
      土壤作为生态系统中微生物群落和植物的营养来源发挥着至关重要的作用。抗生素耐药性细菌（ARB）和抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）的积累和增殖导致了新出现的土壤污染和污染，给土壤修复、恢复和保护带来了新的挑战。农业施肥是土壤中ARB和ARGs污染的最重要来源之一。最近现有的修复被ARB和ARGs污染的土壤的技术在去除土壤中的ARB和ARGs方面非常有限。利用微生物燃料电池和微生物电解电池等生物电化学系统进行生物电化学修复是去除土壤中ARB和ARG的有前途的技术。本文综述了土壤中ARB和ARGs的不同来源，分析了它们对土壤微生物多样性的影响，并解释了ARB和ARGs在土壤中快速增殖的原因。用于修复ARB和ARGs污染土壤的生物电化学系统仍处于初级阶段，存在严重的缺点和局限性，因此需要充分理解和实施。总的来说，ARB和ARGs的合并土壤污染越来越令人担忧，威胁着土壤生态系统，而修复技术仍然具有挑战性。需要努力开发新的、有效的和高效的土壤修复和保护技术，以应对ARB和ARGs的传播，并克服土壤中ARB和AR Gs污染带来的新挑战。
Abstract
Soil plays a vital role as a nutrient source for microflora and plants in ecosystems. The accumulation and proliferation of antibiotics resistance bacteria (ARB) and antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) causes emerging soil contamination and pollution, posing new challenges for soil remediation, recovery, and conservation. Fertilizer application in agriculture is one of the most important sources of ARB and ARGs contamination in soils. The recent existing techniques for the remediation of soil polluted with ARB and ARGs are very limited in terms of ARB and ARGs removal in soil. Bioelectrochemical remediation using bioelectrochemical systems such as microbial fuel cells and microbial electrolysis cells are promising technologies for the removal of ARB and ARGs in soil. Herein, diverse sources of ARB and ARGs in soil have been reviewed, their effects on soil microbial diversity have been analyzed, and the causes of ARB and ARGs rapid proliferation in soil are explained. Bioelectrochemical systems used for the remediation of soil contaminated with ARB and ARGs is still in its infancy stage and presents serious disadvantage and limits, therefore it needs to be well understood and implemented. In general, merging soil contamination of ARB and ARGs is an increasing concern threatening the soil ecosystem while the remediation technologies are still challenging. Efforts need to be made to develop new, effective, and efficient technologies for soil remediation and conservation to tackle the spread of ARB and ARGs and overcome the new challenges posed by ARB and ARGs contamination in soil.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0013935122024598