摘要
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近年来，人们越来越认识到，土壤动物是抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的隐藏库，在土壤生态系统中传播ARGs方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，人们对土壤食物网中不同动物之间ARGs的变化以及营养水平和土地利用对它们的影响知之甚少。我们对从中国六个地区采集的495个土壤动物样本的抗生素耐药性进行了表征，包括两种不同的土地利用。在所有动物样本中共检测到265个ARGs，动物体内ARGs的相对丰度显著高于土壤中。此外，在不同动物组之间观察到ARGs的显著差异。在所有动物群中发现了12种常见的ARGs，占总ARGs丰度的17.4%。δ15N值（营养级）与动物体内ARGs总丰度之间存在正相关。耕地土壤食物网中ARGs的相对丰度高于林地。土壤抗生素的变化可能通过改变土壤ARG间接影响动物的耐药性。这项研究表明，ARGs通过食物网传播的风险在可耕地中比在森林生态系统中更大。
Abstract
Abstract Image
In recent years, it has been increasingly recognized that soil animals are hidden reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and play a vital role in spreading ARGs in soil ecosystems. However, little is known about the variation of ARGs among different animals in the soil food web and effects of trophic levels and land uses on them. We characterized the antibiotic resistomes of 495 soil animal samples collected from six regions across China, including two different land uses. A total of 265 ARGs were detected in all animal samples, and relative abundances of ARGs in animals were significantly higher than in soils. In addition, significant differences in ARGs were observed among different animal groups. Twelve common ARGs were identified among all animal groups, accounting for 17.4% of total ARGs abundance. A positive and significant correlation was found between δ15N values (trophic level) and total ARGs abundance in animals. The relative abundance of ARGs in the soil food web from arable land was higher than forest land. Changes in soil antibiotics may indirectly affect animal resistome by altering soil ARGs. This study suggests that the risk of ARGs spreading through the food web is greater in arable than in forest ecosystems.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.2c00710