摘要
      抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）携带的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）已在废水中大量存在。污水处理厂（WWTP）被认为是各种ARG的蓄水池和来源。在污水处理厂中检测到的大量移动遗传元素、重金属和新出现的污染物（如微塑料、纳米材料、药品和个人护理产品以及群体感应抑制剂）会影响ARGs的增殖。此外，在废水处理过程中，ARGs的去除效率有限。因此，总结ARGs在污水处理厂的研究现状具有重要意义。本文综述了ARGs的发生和传播。在WWTP中评估了多种药物耐药性和ARB的消除问题。此外，还总结了重金属和新出现的污染物对污水处理厂中ARGs的影响。此外，还对去除ARGs的物理处理和高级氧化工艺进行了严格的讨论。提出了未来的研究前景，最终目标是减少ARGs对生态环境的潜在危害，并为实际应用提供指导。
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), carried by antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) have been present in large numbers in wastewater. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are regarded as reservoirs and sources for a wide variety of ARGs. A large number of mobile genetic elements (MGEs), heavy metals and emerging pollutants (e.g., microplastics, nanomaterials, pharmaceuticals and personal care products and quorum sensing inhibitors) detected in WWTPs can impact the proliferation of ARGs. Moreover, the removal efficiency of ARGs is limited in wastewater treatment processes. Therefore, it is of significance to summarize the research status of ARGs in WWTPs. This paper reviewed the occurrence and transmission of ARGs. The problem of multiple drug resistance and elimination of ARB were assessed in WWTPs. Also, the effects of heavy metals and emerging pollutants on ARGs in WWTPs were summarized. Furthermore, physical treatment and advanced oxidation processes for ARGs removal were critically discussed. Future research prospects were proposed with the ultimate goal to reduce the potential harm of ARGs to ecological environments and to provide guidance for practical applications.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214714421006267