摘要
      环境抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）是一种新出现的污染物，已引起广泛关注。然而，对矿区ARG污染的调查很少。本文于2019年6月采用高通量定量聚合酶链反应（HT-qPCR）对德兴铜矿区土壤/沉积物中ARGs和移动遗传元素的类型、丰度及其影响因素进行了研究。此外，采用多元统计分析方法研究了重金属和MGEs因素对ARGs的影响。结果表明，德兴铜矿区存在多种ARGs，最大检出数量为70个。在相对丰度水平上，单个站点的相对丰度达到0.085。在德兴铜矿，多药、MLSB、β-内酰胺酶、四环素和氨基糖苷类耐药基因是ARG的主要耐药基因。外排泵是最主要的耐药机制，其次是抗生素失活和细胞保护。ARGs的丰度与MGEs的丰度呈正相关（P<0.05），TnpA04和Inti1是德兴铜矿样品中最重要的MEG，表明水平基因转移可能是环境ARGs传播的重要机制。Pearson相关分析和RDA分析结果表明，Cu含量与ARGs的检测数量和丰度呈显著正相关（P<0.05），表明德兴铜矿区Cu含量高可能是ARGs形成的重要驱动因素。
Abstract 
Environmental antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are a type of emerging pollutant that has been widely concerning. However, investigations into the contamination of ARGs in mining areas have been scarce. Here, the types, abundances, and influencing factors of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were investigated in soil/sediment of the Dexing copper mine area in June 2019 by using high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR). Furthermore, the influence of heavy metals and MGEs factors on ARGs was studied using the multivariate statistical analysis method. The results showed that there were a variety of ARGs in the Dexing copper mining area, and the maximum detected number of ARGs was 70. At the relative abundance level, the relative abundance of individual sites reached 0.085. In the Dexing copper mine, multidrug, MLSB, β-lactamases, tetracycline, and aminoglycoside resistance genes were the dominant ARG classes based on their numbers. The efflux pump was the most dominant resistance mechanism, followed by antibiotic deactivation and cellular protection. There was a significant positive correlation between the abundance of ARGs and MGEs (P<0.05), and TnpA04 and Inti1 were the most important MEGs in Dexing copper mine samples, indicating that horizontal gene transfer might be an important mechanism for the spread of environmental ARGs. The results of Pearson correlation analysis and RDA analysis showed that the content of Cu was significantly positively correlated with the detected numbers and abundance of ARGs (P<0.05), suggesting that the high content of Cu in the Dexing copper mining area might be an important driving factor for the formation of ARGs.

https://europepmc.org/article/med/35075883