摘要
      在过去的几十年里，抗生素的广泛应用促进了在水生环境中传播抗生素耐药性的选择性压力。在废水、污水处理厂的废水、地表水和饮用水处理厂的成品水中，甚至在自来水中都检测到了抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和细菌（ARB）。因此，抗生素耐药性的传播已成为对公众健康的威胁。传统的低压紫外线灯（LP UV）去除了ARG，但去激活ARG所需的通量非常高。LP-UV减少ARGs的效率与相邻胸腺嘧啶数而不是扩增子长度更密切相关，因为环丁烷嘧啶二聚体（CPD）是由于UVC对DNA造成的损伤而产生的显著损伤。在基于UV的高级氧化过程（AOPs）中，LP UV与其他自由基的共同暴露在降低ARGs，特别是细胞外ARGs（eARGs）浓度方面表现出一些改善。然而，各种细胞成分（如细胞膜、细胞壁和细胞质蛋白）对自由基的耗竭限制了基于紫外线的AOP的广泛应用。在基于LP-UV的AOPs中，LP-UV诱导的DNA损伤被确定为消除ARG转化的主要机制。紫外线发光二极管（UVC LED）越来越多地被研究用于消毒性能。265nm的LED在控制抗生素耐药性方面显示出比285nm更好的性能。需要进一步的研究来评估UVC LED和基于UVC LED的AOP去激活ARG的性能。
Abstract
Extensive application of antibiotics in the last few decades has promoted selective pressure to disseminate antibiotic resistance in the aquatic environment. Antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) and bacteria (ARB) were detected in wastewater, effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), surface water, and finished water from drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), and even in tap-water. Hence, the spread of antibiotic resistance has become a threat to public health. Traditional low-pressure UV lamps (LP UV) removed ARGs, but the fluences required to deactivate ARGs were very high. The efficiency of LP UV to diminish ARGs was more strongly correlated with adjacent thymine number rather than amplicon length since cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) are the significant lesions generated due to UVC-caused damage to DNA. Co-exposure of LP UV with other radicals in the UV based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) exhibited some improvement in reducing concentrations of ARGs, specifically extracellular ARGs (eARGs). However, the exhaustion of radicals by various cellular components, such as cell membrane, cell wall, and cytoplasmic protein, has limited the widespread application of UV based AOPs. In LP UV-based AOPs, DNA damage induced by LP UV was identified as a major mechanism for eliminating ARG transformation. UVC light-emitting diodes (UVC LEDs) are increasingly being investigated for disinfection performances. 265 nm LED has shown better performance in controlling antibiotic resistance than 285 nm. Further researches are required to assess the performances of UVC LEDs and UVC LEDs based AOPs to deactivate ARGs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385894722037172