摘要
      抗生素耐药性在水生环境中的传播严重威胁着公众健康和生态安全。本研究研究通过柔性功能化微泡同时捕获和灭活/氧化水中的抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）和无细胞抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）。微气泡是通过用混凝剂对气泡进行表面改性而获得的（称为凝胶态气体无人机，CCGAs），并将臭氧进一步封装在气芯中（称为凝结胶态臭氧无人机，CCOAs）。在溶解有机物（DOM）存在的情况下，CCGA去除了92.4–97.5%的磺胺甲恶唑耐药细菌，无细胞ARGs（特别是质粒中编码的ARGs）的对数减少达到1.86–3.30。CCOA释放的臭氧导致有效的原位氧化：91.2%的ARB被膜破坏和失活。在城市污水基质中，随着DOM含量的增加，CCGA对ARB的去除率增加，而对无细胞ARG的去除率降低。臭氧在CCGA中的封装增强了气泡的性能。主要的捕获机制应该是气泡和ARB（或无细胞ARG）之间的静电吸引，DOM增强了扫描和桥接效应。功能化微泡技术可以缩短滞留时间、减少化学剂量和简化处理单元，成为ARB和无细胞ARG的一种有前途的有效屏障。
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistance in the aquatic environment severely threatens the public health and ecological security. This study investigated simultaneously capturing and inactivating/oxidizing the antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and cell-free antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in waters by flexibly-functionalized microbubbles. The microbubbles were obtained by surface-modifying the bubbles with coagulant (named as coagulative colloidal gas aphrons, CCGAs) and further encapsulating ozone in the gas core (named as coagulative colloidal ozone aphrons, CCOAs). CCGAs removed 92.4–97.5% of the sulfamethoxazole-resistant bacteria in the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM), and the log reduction of cell-free ARGs (particularly, those encoded in plasmid) reached 1.86–3.30. The ozone release from CCOAs led to efficient in-situ oxidation: 91.2% of ARB were membrane-damaged and inactivated. In the municipal wastewater matrix, the removal of ARB increased whilst that of cell-free ARGs decreased by CCGAs with the DOM content increasing. The ozone encapsulation into CCGAs reinforced the bubble performance. The predominant capture mechanism should be electrostatic attraction between bubbles and ARB (or cell-free ARGs), and DOM enhanced the sweeping and bridging effect. The functionalized microbubble technology can be a promising and effective barrier for ARB and cell-free ARGs with shortened retention time, lessened chemical doses and simplified treatment unit.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389422000371