摘要
      抗生素抗性基因（ARG）含量是环境中微生物丰度和多样性的公认驱动因素。通过重新分析塔拉海洋项目的132个宏基因组数据集，我们旨在揭示环境因素、海洋微生物群落结构和ARG含量之间的关联。我们首先研究了微生物群落的结构模式，包括细菌等原核生物和原生生物等真核生物。此外，已经确定了原核生物和原核生物之间的几个ARG显性水平基因转移事件，表明ARG在塑造海洋微生物群落中的潜在作用。为了更深入地了解ARGs在全球范围内海洋微生物群落中的作用，我们确定了1926种独特类型的ARGs，并发现与其他水层相比，中上层区域的ARG更丰富、更多样，这可能是由有限的资源造成的。最后，我们发现，在同一环境中（如沿海海洋），富含ARG的属通常比其缺乏ARG的邻居更丰富。更深入地了解ARG与微生物组的关系可能有助于保护海洋生态系统。
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) content is a well-established driver of microbial abundance and diversity in an environment. By reanalyzing 132 metagenomic datasets from the Tara Oceans project, we aim to unveil the associations between environmental factors, the ocean microbial community structure and ARG contents. We first investigated the structural patterns of microbial communities including both prokaryotes such as bacteria and eukaryotes such as protists. Additionally, several ARG-dominant horizontal gene transfer events between Protist and Prokaryote have been identified, indicating the potential roles of ARG in shaping the ocean microbial communities. For a deeper insight into the role of ARGs in ocean microbial communities on a global scale, we identified 1926 unique types of ARGs and discovered that the ARGs are more abundant and diverse in the mesopelagic zone than other water layers, potentially caused by limited resources. Finally, we found that ARG-enriched genera were often more abundant compared to their ARG-less neighbors in the same environment (e.g. coastal oceans). A deeper understanding of the ARG-microbiome relationships could help in the conservation of the oceanic ecosystem.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722008233