摘要
      微塑料作为一种新兴的污染物，已经引起了全球的关注。它们对生物体、生态系统和人类健康具有潜在风险。MPs的特点是颗粒尺寸小，光降解能力弱，是良好的环境载体。它们可以与有机、无机和生物污染物发生物理吸附或化学反应，产生复杂的二元污染物或改变这些污染物的环境行为。我们系统地综述了MPs的以下方面：（i）MPs对重金属和有机污染物的吸附以及影响吸附行为的关键环境因素；（ii）MP上抗生素抗性基因的富集和释放，以及MP对ARG在环境中迁移的影响；（iii）“塑性圈”的形成以及MPs和微生物之间的相互作用；（iv）MPs的生态毒理学效应及其与其他污染物的共同暴露。最后，总结了MPs的科学知识差距和未来的研究领域，包括研究方法的标准化、MPs的生态影响和人类健康风险及其与其他污染物的结合。
Abstract
As emerging contaminants, microplastics (MPs) have attracted global attention. They are a potential risk to organisms, ecosystems and human health. MPs are characterized by small particle sizes, weak photodegradability, and are good environmental carriers. They can physically adsorb or chemically react with organic, inorganic and bio-pollutants to generate complex binary pollutants or change the environmental behaviors of these pollutants. We systematically reviewed the following aspects of MPs: (i) Adsorption of heavy metals and organic pollutants by MPs and the key environmental factors affecting adsorption behaviors; (ii) Enrichment and release of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on MPs and the effects of MPs on ARG migration in the environment; (iii) Formation of “plastisphere” and interactions between MPs and microorganisms; (iv) Ecotoxicological effects of MPs and their co-exposures with other pollutants. Finally, scientific knowledge gaps and future research areas on MPs are summarized, including standardization of study methodologies, ecological effects and human health risks of MPs and their combination with other pollutants.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722031655