摘要
      猪废水中抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的存在可能对环境和公众健康构成威胁。传统的养猪废水处理工艺通常无法有效降低ARGs的含量。因此，有必要开发一种高效、低成本的处理方法来解决这一环境问题。在此过程中，我们评估了三种常用混凝剂在处理养猪废水中的应用。利用宏基因组学，我们评估了ARG负荷的去除效率，以及混凝对猪废水结构和多样性以及细菌群落的影响。结果表明，三种混凝剂能有效降低养猪废水的理化污染指标（TP、NTU、COD）。处理后，除NFX和SMD外，猪废水中的多种抗生素负荷均显著降低，均接近100%。同时，在评估三种条件下的微生物菌落总数和粪便大肠杆菌总数时，聚合氯化铝（PAC）以89.18%、93.07%、89.92%、98.76%、99.60%和98.68%位居三种混凝剂之首。宏基因组分析显示，cfcC、tetX、mphE、msrE、tet36、，并且LST处理后的水样中的其他ARG显著低于原始猪废水样品中的ARG。这些发现证明了使用混凝剂处理猪废水的可行性，这对改善水质和减少ARGs的潜在影响具有重要意义。
Abstract
The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) in swine wastewater may present a threat to the environment and public health. Conventional swine wastewater treatment processes generally fail to effectively reduce the content of ARGs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a highly efficient and low-cost treatment method to solve this environmental problem. In doing so, we evaluated the application of three common coagulants in the treatment of swine wastewater. Using metagenomics, we evaluated the removal efficiency of ARG loads, as well as the effect of coagulation on the structure and diversity of swine wastewater, and on the bacterial community. The results showed that the three coagulants could effectively reduce the physicochemical pollution indexes of swine wastewater (e.g., TP, NTU, COD). After treatment, the loads of a variety of antibiotics in the swine wastewater were significantly reduced, with the exception of NFX and SMD, which were all close to 100%. At the same time, in evaluating the total number of microbial colonies and the total number of fecal Escherichia coli bacteria under the three conditions, Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC) ranked first among the three coagulants with 89.18%, 93.07%, 89.92%, 98.76%, 99.60%, and 98.68%. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the abundance of cfcC, tetX, mphE, msrE, tet36, and other ARGs in the water sample after the LST treatment was significantly lower than that of the original swine wastewater sample. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using coagulants to treat swine wastewater, which is of great significance for improving water quality and reducing the potential impacts of ARGs.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03601234.2022.2058844