摘要
      抗生素耐药性已成为全球公共卫生问题。最近，有报道称各种环境污染物会诱导抗生素耐药性的增殖。然而，人们对实际环境中更频繁出现的多种污染物（如重金属和抗生素）的影响知之甚少。本文选择了一种分布广泛的重金属（Ag+）和一种常见的抗生素（四环素），研究它们对活性污泥系统中抗生素耐药性增殖的共存影响。结果表明，在环境相关浓度下，Ag+和四环素的共存对反应器性能没有明显的抑制作用。然而，与空白对照生物反应器相比，它们抑制了42%的呼吸活性，破坏了218%的膜结构，并增加了29%的膜渗透性。此外，暴露于共存的Ag+和四环素后，出水中靶向抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）（如tetA、blaTEM-1和sulII）的相对丰度比对照反应器中的相对丰度增加了92–1983%，比单独的抗生素抗性基因之和高1.1–4.3倍。这些可能归因于抗生素耐药性细菌的富集。研究结果将阐明重金属和抗生素对活性污泥系统中ARGs传播的共存影响。
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become a global public health problem. Recently, various environmental pollutants have been reported to induce the proliferation of antibiotic resistance. However, the impact of multiple pollutants (e.g., heavy metals and antibiotics), which more frequently occur in practical environments, is poorly understood. Herein, one widely distributed heavy metal (Ag+) and one frequently detected antibiotic (tetracycline) were chosen to investigate their coexisting effect on the proliferation of antibiotic resistance in the activated sludge system. Results show that the co-occurrence of Ag+ and tetracycline at environmentally relevant concentrations exhibited no distinct inhibition in reactor performances. However, they inhibited the respiratory activity by 42%, destroyed the membrane structure by 218%, and increased membrane permeability by 29% compared with the blank control bioreactor. Moreover, the relative abundances of target antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (e.g., tetA, blaTEM-1, and sulII) in effluent after exposure of coexisting Ag+ and tetracycline were increased by 92–1983% compared with those in control reactor, which were 1.1–4.3 folds higher than the sum of the sole ones. These were possibly attributed to the enrichments of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The results would illumine the coexisting effect of heavy metals and antibiotics on the dissemination of ARGs in activated sludge system.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389421020562