摘要
      抗生素耐药性是全世界日益关注的问题。废水处理厂（WWTP）已被确定为抗生素抗性基因（ARG）研究的热点。然而，人们对生物膜废水处理系统中抗生素抗性基因型和表型的分布知之甚少。在本研究中，定量研究了两种典型废水处理工艺[曝气生物滤池（BAF）和厌氧-好氧（A/O）]中抗生素抗性基因型和表型的丰度和命运。总ARGs的平均去除率大于90%。在生物处理单元中，ARGs的丰度在A/O单元中增加，在生物膜单元中减少。此外，污水处理后耐四环素细菌的耐药性发生了变化，这与细菌群落的进化密切相关。总的来说，A/O系统对耐药菌的去除率低于BAF系统。基因型是决定微生物抗性表型的基础。但是，由于抗生素耐药性表型的高度变异性，有必要密切关注它。更具体地说，污水处理厂的抗生素耐药性缓解应更多地关注去除细菌宿主，以减少ARGs向环境中的释放。
Abstract
Antibiotic resistome is a growing concern around the world. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been identified as hotspots for antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) research. However, the distribution of antibiotic resistance genotypes and phenotypes in biofilm wastewater treatment system is poorly understood. In this study, the abundance and fate of antibiotic resistance genotypes and phenotypes in two typical wastewater treatment processes [biological aerated filter (BAF), anaerobic-oxic (A/O)] were quantitatively studied. The average removal rate of total ARGs was greater than 90%. In the biological treatment unit, the abundance of ARGs increased in the A/O unit and decreased in the biofilm unit. In addition, the resistance of tetracycline resistant bacteria changed after sewage disposal, which was closely related to the evolution of bacterial community. In total, the removal rate of resistance bacteria in A/O system was lower than that in BAF system. Genotypes were the basis of determining the phenotypes of microbial resistance. But it is necessary to pay close attention to antibiotic resistance phenotype due to its high variability. More specifically, antibiotic resistance mitigation in WWTPs should focus more on removing bacterial hosts to reduce the release of ARGs into the environment.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653521033051