摘要
      抗生素和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）被认为是新出现的污染物，对水生环境和人类健康构成重大威胁。本研究旨在研究通过填充导电介质（即焦炭）的人工湿地（CWs）去除生活污水中的营养物质、抗生素和ARGs的紧急情况。在本研究中，抗生素的去除率在13%至100%之间，与普通石英砂填充的水煤浆（7~100%）相比，焦炭填充的系统中的抗生素去除率明显更高。此外，湿地植物的存在也可以显著改善营养物质和四环素类药物的去除。研究结果还表明了水煤浆中基质选择和湿地植物对微生物群落和结构变化的重要性，其中导电介质在提高水煤浆对抗生素的去除方面显示出良好的效果。就ARGs的紧急情况而言，与对照组（8576–7934拷贝/g）相比，填充焦炭的CWs在基质中保留了最多的ARGs（10690拷贝/g）。由于环境/操作条件的变化，累积的ARGs可能会释放回水道，因此在化学武器中应用这种先进的基质可能会对环境构成更大的潜在威胁。有了这些结果，这项研究为废水处理基质和植物的选择提供了新的见解，以实现可持续和安全的未来用水。
Abstract
Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been regarded as emerging pollutants and pose significant threats to the aquatic environment and to human health. This study aimed to investigate the removal of nutrients, antibiotics, and the emergency of ARGs in domestic sewage by means of constructed wetlands (CWs) filled with an electroconductive media, i.e., coke. In this study, the antibiotics removal efficiencies ranged from 13% to 100%, which were significantly higher in the system filled with coke compared with the CWs filled with common quartz sand (7~100%). Moreover, the presence of wetland plants could also significantly improve the removal of nutrients and tetracyclines. The results also demonstrated the importance of substrate selection and wetland plants in CWs on the alternation of microbial communities and structures, where the electroconductive media showed a promising effect on increasing the removal of antibiotics in CWs. In terms of the emergency of ARGs, the CWs filled with coke retained the most ARGs (10,690 copies/g) compare with the control groups (8576–7934 copies/g) in the substrate. As the accumulated ARGs could be released back to the watercourse due to the environmental/operation condition changes, the application of such an advanced substrate in CWs may pose a more significant potential threat to the environment. With these results, this study provided new insight into selection of the substrates and plants for wastewater treatment to achieve a sustainable and secure water future.

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/22/14989