摘要
      废水被认为是环境中抗生素耐药性传播的最严重来源。因此，这项工作的重点是抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）在废水中的命运和传播，以及对耐多药菌株的监测。在污水处理厂（WWTP）的硝化和沉淀池以及该WWTP流入的大坝中，在不同时间监测ARG。blaTEM>tetW>blaNDM-1>vanA抗性基因的相对丰度最高。与检测到的其他抗生素相比，在水样中发现四环素（高达96.00纳克/升）和氨苄青霉素（高达19.00纳克/L）的浓度增加。在11月和12月的采样时间内，观察到7种ARGs和4种抗生素的发病率增加。分离的氨苄青霉素耐药菌株对氨苄青霉素表现出高度耐药性（61.2%的分离株的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）≥20mg/mL）。在总数中，87.8%的分离株被证实发生了两种或两种以上的ARG。这些耐多药菌株最常被鉴定为气单胞菌。该菌株可能在通过环境中的废水传播多药耐药性中发挥重要作用。
Abstract
Wastewater is considered the most serious source of the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment. This work, therefore, focuses on the fate and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater and the monitoring of multidrug-resistant strains. ARGs were monitored in the nitrification and sedimentation tanks of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and in the dam into which this WWTP flows, at various times. The highest relative abundance was found for the blaTEM > tetW > blaNDM-1 > vanA resistance genes, respectively. An increased concentration of tetracycline (up to 96.00 ng/L) and ampicillin (up to 19.00 ng/L) was found in water samples compared to other antibiotics detected. The increased incidence of seven ARGs and four antibiotics was observed in the November and December sampling times. Isolated ampicillin-resistant strains showed a high degree of resistance to ampicillin (61.2% of the total isolates had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≥ 20 mg/mL). In 87.8% of isolates, out of the total number, the occurrence of two or more ARGs was confirmed. These multidrug-resistant strains were most often identified as Aeromonas sp. This strain could represent a significant role in the spread of multidrug resistance through wastewater in the environment.

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/2/147