摘要

鉴于抗生素耐药性日益普遍，了解抗生素耐药性细菌（ARB）在自然环境中的抗生素耐药性传播机制和迁移动态是至关重要的。本研究的目的是研究河口生态系统中磺胺类抗生素粪便细菌（大肠杆菌）的命运，并探讨环境因素在这一过程中的作用和贡献。在两个河口系统中，分析了不同季节大肠杆菌磺胺抗性状况的流行情况。通过检测抗生素浓度，重金属丰度和其他理化参数来评估人为活动的环境因素和干扰指数。在海陆迁移期间抗生素抗性大肠杆菌的丰度显着减弱，这表明河口环境在抗生素抗性大肠杆菌污染淡水中起到天然的缓解作用。此外，人为活动的环境因素和扰动指数与河口抗生素耐药大肠杆菌的分布和迁移显着相关。最后，模拟实验表明抗生素抗性和非抗性大肠杆菌在河口环境中对环境变化的差异适应性。同时，我们的研究结果表明，低浓度的抗生素不会增加在河口的抗性大肠杆菌的竞争优势。

Understanding the antibiotic resistance transmission mechanisms and migration dynamics of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in the natural environment is critical given the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to examine the fate of sulfonamide-resistant fecal bacteria (E. coli) in an estuary ecosystem and to explore the role and contribution of environmental factors in this process. The prevalence of sulfonamide-resistance status of E. coliwas analyzed over different seasons in two estuary systems. Environmental factors and disturbance indices of anthropogenic activities were evaluated by detecting antibiotic concentrations, heavy metal abundance and other physicochemical parameters. The abundances of antibiotic-resistant E. coli were significantly attenuated during land-sea migration suggesting that estuary environments play a natural mitigation role in the contamination of freshwaters by antibiotic-resistant E. coli. Additionally, environmental factors and disturbance indices of anthropogenic activities significantly correlated with the distribution and migration of antibiotic-resistant E. coli in the estuaries. Lastly, simulation experiments suggested differential adaptability between antibiotic-resistant and non-resistant E. colitowards environmental changes in estuary environments. Meanwhile, our results indicate that low concentrations of antibiotics will not increase the competitive advantage of resistant E. coli in estuaries.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-20077-x