摘要

在临床医生，研究人员，政治家和公众中，对抗生素抗性危机及其对公众健康的影响的意识日益增强。我们研究了细菌抗生素耐药性转换和生物膜在饮用水分配系统（DWDS）中的作用。我们在DWDS中追踪了几种对四环素，磺胺甲恶唑，克林霉素和诺氟沙星有抵抗力的抗生素耐药细菌（ARB）一年。结果表明，自来水中ARB的量增加，可能是由于生物膜分离。通过使用细菌环形反应器探索生物膜分离对从生物膜向自来水传递抗生素抗性的影响。在氯化体系中，入口水，出口水和生物膜的ARB百分比分别为0.26％至9.85％，1.08％至16.29％和0.52％至29.97％，并且分别为0.23％至9.89％，0.84％ -16.84％和0.35％-17.77％，在氯胺酸体系中。在整个测序过程中通过高测定，抗生素抗性不动杆菌属，鞘氨醇单胞菌属和慢生根瘤菌的相对丰度在出水中比在入口水中高。生物膜中活性但不可培养（VBNC）细胞的浓度（r = 0.21，n = 160，P <0.05）随ARB百分比的变化而变化，表明VBNC细胞具有较高的抗生素耐药突变率。我们的研究结果表明，消毒剂促进了生物膜分离，并影响了微生物在自来水中的整体细菌抗生素耐药性。

There is growing awareness of the antibiotic-resistance crisis and its implications for public health among clinicians, researchers, politicians, and the public. We studied bacterial antibiotic resistance transition and the role of biofilms in a drinking water distribution system (DWDS). We tracked several different antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) with resistance to tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, and norfloxacin for one year in a DWDS. The results indicated that the amount of ARB increased in tap water, presumably due to biofilm detachment. The effect of biofilm detachment on the transmission of antibiotic resistance from biofilms to tap water was explored by using a bacterial annular reactor. The percentage of ARB of inlet water, outlet water, and biofilms ranged from 0.26% to 9.85%, 1.08%–16.29%, and 0.52%–29.97%, respectively in a chlorinated system, and from 0.23% to 9.89%, 0.84%–16.84%, and 0.35%–17.77%, respectively, in a chloraminated system. The relative abundances of antibiotic resistanceAcinetobacter, Sphingomonas, and Bradyrhizobium were higher in outlet water than in inlet water, as determined by high throughout sequencing. The amount of ARB percentage varied with the concentration of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) cells (r = 0.21, n = 160, P < 0.05) in biofilm, suggesting a higher antibiotic resistance mutation rate in VBNC cells. Our results suggest that biofilm detachment was promoted bydisinfectant and affected the overall bacterial antibiotic resistance of microbes in tap water.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653518305605