摘要
介绍
众所周知，植物微生物群可以保护宿主免受植物病原体的入侵。最近的研究表明，室内植物的微生物群会传播到当地的建筑环境中，在那里它可能会实现尚未探索的功能。更好地了解这些微生物群落与人类病原体的相互作用，可能会提供与它们的自然抑制有关的新线索。
客观的
我们研究了两种室内模式植物——穆萨和吊兰的植物微生物群，以及它们对人类病原体的影响。主要目的是确定室内植物微生物群抑制人类致病菌的机制。
方法
使用一套综合实验和方法，结合扩增子和鸟枪宏基因组分析以及相互作用分析的结果，对微生物群落和功能进行了研究。
后果
在不同的室内环境中生长的穆萨和吊兰上发现了不同的微生物群落；数据集包括1066个细菌ASV、1261个真菌ASV和358个古生ASV。细菌群落对每种植物都是特定的，而真菌和古生菌群落主要是由建筑环境形成的。鞘氨醇单胞菌和芽孢杆菌被发现是这两种模式植物中普遍存在的核心微生物组的主要成分；众所周知，它们对植物病原体具有拮抗活性。相互作用分析表明，它们也可以拮抗人类机会性病原体。此外，本地植物微生物群含有广泛的生物合成基因簇，同时还含有多种抗微生物耐药性基因。通过对植物和非生物表面进行比较宏基因组分析，我们发现叶层微生物群具有与周围非生物表面明显不同的特征。
结论
自然存在的叶层细菌有可能成为抵御人类机会性病原体的保护屏障。这些知识和潜在的机制可以为在建筑环境中建立健康的微生物组提供重要的基础。
图形摘要
室内植物相关细菌作为抵御人类机会性病原体的防线的发现意义的示意图可视化。省略号文本：本研究证实了细菌群落的所有相关功能，这些功能有助于屏蔽病原体。矩形文本：用于分析各自功能的方法和技术。
Abstract
Introduction
The plant microbiota is known to protect its host against invasion by plant pathogens. Recent studies have indicated that the microbiota of indoor plants is transmitted to the local built environment where it might fulfill yet unexplored functions. A better understanding of the interplay of such microbial communities with human pathogens might provide novel cues related to natural inhibition of them.

Objective
We studied the plant microbiota of two model indoor plants, Musa acuminata and Chlorophytum comosum, and their effect on human pathogens. The main objective was to identify mechanisms by which the microbiota of indoor plants inhibits human-pathogenic bacteria.

Methods
Microbial communities and functioning were investigated using a comprehensive set of experiments and methods combining amplicon and shotgun metagenomic analyses with results from interaction assays.

Results
A diverse microbial community was found to be present on Musa and Chlorophytum grown in different indoor environments; the datasets comprised 1066 bacterial, 1261 fungal, and 358 archaeal ASVs. Bacterial communities were specific for each plant species, whereas fungal and archaeal communities were primarily shaped by the built environment. Sphingomonas and Bacillus were found to be prevalent components of a ubiquitous core microbiome in the two model plants; they are well-known for antagonistic activity towards plant pathogens. Interaction assays indicated that they can also antagonize opportunistic human pathogens. Moreover, the native plant microbiomes harbored a broad spectrum of biosynthetic gene clusters, and in parallel, a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes. By conducting comparative metagenomic analyses between plants and abiotic surfaces, we found that the phyllosphere microbiota harbors features that are clearly distinguishable from the surrounding abiotic surfaces.

Conclusions
Naturally occurring phyllosphere bacteria can potentially act as a protective shield against opportunistic human pathogens. This knowledge and the underlying mechanisms can provide an important basis to establish a healthy microbiome in built environments.

Graphical abstract
Schematic visualization of the discovered implications of indoor-plant-associated bacteria as a defense line against opportunistic human pathogens. Text in ellipses: All relevant functions of the bacterial community confirmed in this study that serve to shield off pathogens. Text in rectangles: Methods and techniques that were implemented to analyze the respective functions.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123222000467