摘要
      以生物膜为核心的纯移动床生物膜反应器（纯MBBR）是一种可行的抗生素处理工艺。磺胺嘧啶（SDZ）对纯MBBR的影响尚待深入研究。本研究检测了在纯MBBR中生物膜暴露于不同剂量的SDZ（0、1、3、5、7和10mg/L）的反应。在连续流条件下，纯MBBR具有较高的SDZ去除率，但SDZ显著抑制了COD和TN的去除。然而，1-3 mg/L的SDZ可以提高NH4+-N和TP的去除率。生物量分析和多组学测序数据证实了这些观察结果。SDZ加速了好氧生物膜的脱落和更新，从而缩短了固体的停留时间。SDZ强烈改变了生物膜群落，自养生物的活性受到SDZ的抑制小于异养生物。同时，SDZ并没有改变生物膜的主要氮代谢机制，同时破坏了反硝化基因与硝化基因的比例。SDZ有效地促进了amoCAB和hao的基因表达，但抑制了norBC的表达。抗性基因Sul1-3丰度的增加是生物膜能够适应高浓度SDZ的主要原因。总的来说，当SDZ低于3mg/L时，纯MBBR可以很好地操作。这项研究为纯MBBR处理抗生素废水提供了新的见解。
Abstract
Pure Moving bed biofilm reactor (pure MBBR) with biofilm as biomass core is a viable process for treating antibiotics. The influences of sulfadiazine (SDZ) on pure MBBR have yet to be investigated in depth. This study examined the responses of biofilm exposure to different doses of SDZ (0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 mg/L) in the pure MBBR. Under continuous-flow conditions, pure MBBR held a high SDZ removal rate, but SDZ significantly inhibited COD and TN removal. However, 1–3 mg/L SDZ could enhance NH4+-N and TP removal. And these observations were confirmed by biomass analysis and multi-omics sequencing data. SDZ accelerated the sloughing and renewal of aerobic biofilm, thus shortening the solids residence time. The biofilm communities were strongly shifted by SDZ and the activity of autotrophs was less inhibited by SDZ than that of heterotrophs. Meanwhile, SDZ did not alter the biofilm's primary nitrogen metabolism mechanism, while disrupting the ratio of denitrification genes to nitrification genes. SDZ effectively promoted the gene expression of amoCAB and hao, but restrained norBC. The increased abundance of resistance genes Sul1–3 was a major reason for the biofilm could adapt to the high concentration of SDZ. Overall, the pure MBBR could operate well when SDZ was below 3 mg/L. This study provided new insight into antibiotic wastewater treatment through pure MBBR.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214714422008716