摘要

非城市地区畜牧业和工业的混合发展在中国是非常普遍的现象。在非城市污水处理系统中抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的分布尚未得到足够的重视。在本研究中，研究了四个AmpCβ-内酰胺酶基因（EBC，MOX，FOX和CIT）和四种重四环素抗性基因（tetA，tetB，tetC，tetE，tetG，tetL，tetM，tetO，tetQ，tetS和tetX）金属（铜，锌，镉和铅）在广州不同污水源和不同处理工艺的四个非城市污水厂进行检测和分析。结果表明，tetA和tetC是最常见的四环素耐药基因，检测频率为85％，EBC为最常见的AmpCβ-内酰胺酶基因，检测频率为75％。在所有样品中，四环素抗性基因的相对丰度比AmpCβ-内酰胺酶基因的相对丰度高大约1.6个数量级。 A / O是非城市污水处理厂接收工业或农业废水的最有效的过程。沉淀是从液相中消除ARGs最关键的过程。大多数ARG都是用过量的污泥而不是污水排出。结果显示，tet基因与Zn（r = 0.881，p <0.01），其次是AmpC基因和Cu（r = 0.847，p <0.01），tet基因和Cu（r = 0.714，p <0.05） ）。因此，重金属污染非城市区污水处理系统中的ARGs污染问题应引起重视。

The mixed development of livestock breeding and industry in non-urban zones is a very general phenomenon in China. Distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in non-urban sewage treatment systems has not been paid enough attentions. In this study, eleven tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tetC, tetE, tetG, tetL, tetM, tetO, tetQ, tetS andtetX), four AmpC β-lactamase genes (EBC, MOX, FOX and CIT) and four heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) were detected and analyzed in four non-urban sewage plants with different sewage sources and different treatment processes in Guangzhou. The results showed thattetA and tetC were the most prevalent tetracycline resistance genes with the same detection frequency of 85% and EBC was the most prevalent AmpC β-lactamase gene with a detection frequency of 75%. The relative abundance of tetracycline resistance genes was approximately 1.6 orders of magnitudes higher than that of AmpC β-lactamase genes in all samples. A/O was the most effective process for the non-urban sewage plant receiving industrial or agricultural wastewater. Sedimentation was the most key process to eliminate ARGs from liquid phase. Most ARGs were carried in excess sludge rather than effluent. Significant correlation was found between the tet gene and Zn (r = 0.881, p < 0.01), followed by the AmpC gene and Cu (r = 0.847, p < 0.01), the tet gene and Cu (r = 0.714, p < 0.05). Therefore, the pollution of ARGs in the sewage treatment systems of non-urban zones co-polluted by heavy metals should be paid more attentions.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653516317398