摘要

耐多药（MDR）肠道沙门氏菌可通过直接接触沙门氏菌脱落动物以及食物链从牛传播到人体，使MDR沙门氏菌对人类健康构成严重威胁。这项研究的目的是使用全基因组测序来比较在基因型和表型水平上从华盛顿州和纽约州奶牛和人类中分离的抗微生物抗性（AMR）沙门氏菌肠炎血清型鼠伤寒，纽波特和都柏林。本研究共选出90株分离株（37株鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，32株新港和21株都柏林分离株）。使用Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散测试所有分离株对12种药物的表型抗生素抗性。使用核苷酸BLAST和ARG-ANNOT在每个分离物的组装基因组中检测到AMR基因。表型抗性的基因型预测导致97.2的平均敏感性和85.2的特异性。仅在人分离株中观察到磺胺甲恶唑 - 甲氧苄氨嘧啶耐药（P <0.05），而仅在华盛顿州的6种人类鼠伤寒沙门氏菌分离株中观察到对喹诺酮和氟喹诺酮类的耐药性。无论来源如何，S.Newport分离株都表现出高度的AMR谱相似性。根据存在/不存在质粒复制子以及表型AMR敏感性/不敏感性（P <0.05），来自纽约州的S.Curren分离株与来自华盛顿州的分离株不同。这项研究的结果表明，不同的因素可能有助于AMR肠道沙门氏菌在不同地区的人类和农场动物中的出现和扩散。

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica can be spread from cattle to humans through direct contact with animals shedding Salmonella as well as through the food chain, making MDR Salmonella a serious threat to human health. The objective of this study was to use whole-genome sequencing to compare antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium, Newport, and Dublin isolated from dairy cattle and humans in Washington State and New York State at the genotypic and phenotypic levels. A total of 90 isolates were selected for the study (37 S. Typhimurium, 32 S. Newport, and 21 S. Dublin isolates). All isolates were tested for phenotypic antibiotic resistance to 12 drugs using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion. AMR genes were detected in the assembled genome of each isolate using nucleotide BLAST and ARG-ANNOT. Genotypic prediction of phenotypic resistance resulted in a mean sensitivity of 97.2 and specificity of 85.2. Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim resistance was observed only in human isolates (P < 0.05), while resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones was observed only in 6 S. Typhimurium isolates from humans in Washington State.S. Newport isolates showed a high degree of AMR profile similarity, regardless of source. S. Dublin isolates from New York State differed from those from Washington State based on the presence/absence of plasmid replicons, as well as phenotypic AMR susceptibility/nonsusceptibility (P < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that distinct factors may contribute to the emergence and dispersal of AMR S. enterica in humans and farm animals in different regions.

http://aem.asm.org/content/83/12/e00140-17.short