摘要

本研究旨在确定四种抗生素抗性基因（blaTEM，ermB，qnrS和sulI）的丰度，以及与Foix和La Llosa del Cavall水库收集的野生淡水鱼类肠道粘液相关的细菌群落组成，它们分别代表具有高和低人为干扰的生态系统。还收集并分析了来自这些储层的水和沉积物，以确定抗生素的污染水平。 blaTEM基因仅在褐鳟和Ebro barbel中检测到，它们来自La Llosa del Cavall水库。相比之下，仅在从Foix水库收集的鲤鱼中检测到sulI和qnrS基因。尽管在鲤鱼中也检测到ermB基因，但这些值低于定量限。同样，来自Foix水库的水和沉积物样品的浓度和抗生素种类比来自La Llosa del Cavall的样品更高。对16S rRNA基因的焦磷酸测序分析揭示了与鱼类的肠粘液相关的细菌群落的显着差异。因此，这些研究结果表明，人类活动不仅增加了水生环境的污染，而且还促成了居住在这些环境中的生物体中抗生素抗性的出现和传播。

This study was aimed to determine the abundance of four antibiotic resistance genes (blaTEM, ermB, qnrS and sulI), as well as bacterial community composition associated with the intestinal mucus of wild freshwater fish species collected from the Foix and La Llosa del Cavall reservoirs, which represent ecosystems with high and low anthropogenic disturbance, respectively. Water and sediments from these reservoirs were also collected and analyzed to determine the pollution level by antibiotics. The blaTEM gene was only detected in brown trout and Ebro barbel, which were collected from La Llosa del Cavall reservoir. In contrast, the sulI and qnrS genes were only detected in common carp, which were collected from the Foix reservoir. Although the ermB gene was also detected in common carp, the values were below the limit of quantification. Likewise, water and sediment samples from the Foix reservoir had higher concentrations and more classes of antibiotics than those from La Llosa del Cavall. Pyrosequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes revealed significant differences in bacterial communities associated with the intestinal mucus of fish species. Therefore, these findings suggest that anthropogenic activities are not only increasing the pollution of aquatic environments, but also contributing to the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in organisms that inhabit such environments.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653517320787