摘要

肠道沙门氏菌血清型猪霍乱沙门氏菌是猪副伤寒的病原体，是一种高度侵入性的人畜共患病原体。野猪自然种群正在经历人口扩张，一些农场正在繁殖该物种以进行狩猎，管理有时与家猪相同，包括补充，分组和抗生素治疗。这种情况增加了野猪和牲畜之间接触的可能性，并可能诱发压力，并产生不同的卫生后果。目前的工作旨在描述西班牙中西部野猪中由猪霍乱沙门氏菌引起的近期暴发的临床特征，以及所涉及的分离株的抗菌素耐药性和系统发育关系。从属于位于西班牙中西部的10个不同游戏状态的28种不同野猪中分离出28株猪霍乱沙门氏菌，并将其提交给埃斯特雷马杜拉大学的临床兽医医院（CVH）。从不同器官取样并根据ISO 6579：2002程序培养。通过PCR鉴定可疑菌落，并通过盘扩散敏感性试验评估抗微生物抗性，并且通过PCR验证经常在肠杆菌科中发现的主要抗性基因以及18个质粒复制子的存在。应用脉冲场凝胶电泳确定分离株之间的遗传关系。研究中的爆发以高死亡率（35-84％）和败血症呈现为特征。从所分析的所有野猪中分离出猪霍乱沙门氏菌，28个分离株中的26个对至少一种抗生素表现出抗性。发现的主要抗性是抗磺胺，链霉素，四环素和doxicicline和sul1，strA-strB和tetA是分离株中最常见的抗性基因。 10个菌株携带FIIA，FIB + H / 1或FIIA + H / 1质粒。 PFGE将分离物分为4种不同的分布，分为2组。该结果表明，必须在野猪育种者的卫生计划中考虑预防猪霍乱沙门氏菌。

Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis is the aetiological agent of swine paratyphoid being a highly invasive zoonotic pathogen. Wild boar natural populations are experiencing a demographical expansion as well as some farms are breeding this species to release for hunting with management sometimes identical to that of domestic pigs, including supplementation, grouping and antibiotic treatments. This situation increases the chance of contact between wild boars and livestock, and potentially induces stress, with different sanitary consequences. The present work aims to describe the clinical features of recent outbreaks caused by S. Choleraesuis in wild boar from central-western Spain, as well as the antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic relationships of isolates involved. 28 strains of S. Choleraesuis were isolated from 28 different wild boars belonging to 10 different game states located in central western Spain and submitted to the Clinical Veterinary Hospital (CVH) of the University of Extremadura. Samples were taken from different organs and cultured according to the ISO 6579:2002 procedure. Suspicious colonies were identified by PCR and antimicrobial resistance was evaluated by disc diffusion susceptibility test and the presence of the main resistance genes as well as 18 plasmid replicons frequently found among the Enterobacteriaceae was verified by PCR. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis was applied to determine the genetic relationship between isolates. The outbreaks under study were characterized by high mortality (35-84%) and a septicaemic presentation. S. Choleraesuis was isolated from all the wild boars analysed, and 26 out of the 28 isolates presented resistance to at least one antibiotic. The predominant resistances found were against sulphonamide, streptomycin, tetracycline and doxicicline and sul1, strA-strB and tetA were the most prevalent resistance genes among isolates. 10 strains carried FIIA, FIB+H/1 or FIIA+H/1 plasmids. PFGE classified the isolates into 4 different profiles, grouped into 2 clusters. This results shows that prevention against S. Choleraesuis must be considered in the sanitary programs of the wild boar breeders. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30144295