摘要

宿主与在体表的复杂微生物群落建立关联的一个主要好处是对病原体感染的抗性。 共生微生物的这种保护作用变得越来越重要，因为多重抗药性病原体的惊人增加和广泛抗生素治疗后患者的严重感染。 在这里，我们重点介绍了一些最近的机械研究，这些研究提供了关于肠道细菌之间以及肠道细菌与其宿主之间的高度动态对话如何有助于保护宿主抵抗肠道内外病原体的见解。 然后，我们讨论如何描述这种对话的规则可以帮助设计策略来调节微生物群并改善宿主对感染的抵抗力。

One major benefit from the association of hosts with the complex microbial communities that establish at body surfaces is the resistance to pathogen infection. This protective role of symbiotic microbes is becoming ever more relevant, given the alarming rise of multidrug-resistant pathogens and severe infections in patients following extensive antibiotic treatment. Herein, we highlight some recent mechanistic studies that have provided insights into how the highly dynamic dialogue amongst intestinal bacteria and between intestinal bacteria and their host can contribute to protect the host against pathogens in and outside the gut. We then discuss how delineating the rules of this dialogue can help design strategies to modulate the microbiota and improve host resistance to infections.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30205357