摘要

在水生环境中出现新的化学和微生物污染物已成为一个日益引起环境问题的问题。因此，废水处理厂（WWTP）在所谓的新出现的病原体和抗生素抗性的分布中起重要作用。因此，计算了污水处理厂释放的日负荷，包括用于在接收水体内分配这些负荷的模型系统。为了减少这些负荷，正在研究单独或组合用于废水处理的UV-以及臭氧处理。在此，包括这些处理通过抗体染色和PCR效率实验对DNA完整性的影响。三种兼性致病菌[肠球菌（23S rRNA），铜绿假单胞菌（ecfX）和大肠杆菌（yccT）]和七种临床相关的抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）（mecA（甲氧西林耐药基因），ctx-M32（β-内酰胺）在废水中检测到抗性基因），ermB（红霉素抗性基因），bla TEM（β-内酰胺抗性基因），sul1（磺胺抗性基因），vanA（万古霉素抗性基因）和与移动遗传元件相关的intI1（Integrase1基因）在先进的废水处理过程中分析了不同的还原效率。在1.0 g臭氧/ g溶解有机碳（DOC）和400 J / m2（如ctx-M32，ermB，bla）的参数下，仍然发现ARG存在于废水中。 TEM，sul1和intI1。特别是紫外线辐射诱导的胸苷二聚化，通过抗体介导的天然废水群宏基因组检测进行分析。这些特异性的DNA改变未被观察到臭氧处理和紫外线/臭氧处理的组合。与未处理的样品相比，UV处理期间的二聚化或潜在的其他DNA改变可能导致来自天然宏基因组的16S rRNA扩增子（176,490和880bp片段）的PCR效率降低。对于臭氧和UV处理的组合，也观察到对PCR效率的这种影响。

The occurrence of new chemical and microbiological contaminants in the aquatic environment has become an issue of increasing environmental concern. Thus, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play an important part in the distribution of so-called new emerging pathogens and antibiotic resistances. Therefore, the daily loads released by the WWTP were calculated including a model system for the distribution of these loads within the receiving water body. UV-, as well as ozone-treatment in separate or in combination for wastewater treatment were under investigation aiming at the reduction of these loads. Here, the impact of these treatments on the DNA integrity via antibody staining and PCR efficiencies experiments were included. All three facultative pathogenic bacteria [enterococci (23S rRNA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ecfX), and Escherichia coli (yccT)] and seven clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (mecA (methicillin resistance gene), ctx-M32 (β- lactame resistance gene), ermB (erythromycine resistance gene), bla TEM (β- lactame resistance gene), sul1 (sulfonamide resistance gene), vanA (vancomycin resistance gene), and intI1 (Integrase1 gene) associated with mobile genetic elements were detected in wastewaters. Different reduction efficiencies were analyzed during advanced wastewater treatments. ARGs were still found to be present in the effluents under the parameters of 1.0 g ozone per g dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and 400 J/m2, like ctx-M32, ermB, bla TEM, sul1, and intI1. Especially UV radiation induced thymidine dimerization which was analyzed via antibody mediated detection in the metagenome of the natural wastewater population. These specific DNA alterations were not observed during ozone treatment and combinations of UV/ozone treatment. The dimerization or potential other DNA alterations during UV treatment might be responsible for a decreased PCR efficiency of the 16S rRNA amplicons (176, 490, and 880 bp fragments) from natural metagenomes compared to the untreated sample. This impact on PCR efficiencies was also observed for the combination of ozone and UV treatment.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30425704