摘要

耐碳青霉烯的肠杆菌科（CRE）已成为全球抗生素治疗的主要挑战。当在社区和环境中更广泛地传播CRE时，问题就更加混乱了。在这项研究中，从海产品中分离出6株含有blaNDM的肠杆菌科细菌，4株肺炎克雷伯菌和2株大肠埃希菌，其特征在于它们的抗生素抗性和导致这些耐药性的遗传因素。该菌株对所有β-内酰胺类抗生素，喹诺酮类，甲氧苄氨嘧啶 - 磺胺甲基异恶唑，氯霉素和四环素均有耐药性，对粘菌素，多粘菌素B，磷霉素和替加环素敏感。四个分离株含有新德里金属β-内酰胺酶（blaNDM-5基因，而一个分离株分别含有blaNDM-1和blaNDM-2基因。所有分离株中的blaNDM基因侧翼为上游，截短的ISAba125和下游的bleMBL -trpF基因。共轭实验表明，NDM质粒易于传播。此外，两种blaNDM阳性大肠杆菌分离株属于耐多药ST131克隆。本研究强调了海产品作为多重耐药细菌携带者的危险性增长导致他们在社区中更广泛的传播。

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have evolved into a major challenge to antibiotic therapy worldwide. The problem is more confounding when wider dissemination of CRE occurs in the community and the environment. In this study, six blaNDM-harboring Enterobacteriaceae, four Klebsiella pneumoniae, and two Escherichia coli, isolated from seafood, were characterized with respect to their antibiotic resistance and the genetic factors responsible for these resistances. The isolates were resistant to all β-lactam antibiotics, quinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline and were susceptible to colistin, polymixin B, fosfomycin, and tigecycline. Four isolates harbored New Delhi metallo β-lactamase (blaNDM-5 genes, while one isolate each harbored blaNDM-1 and blaNDM-2 genes, respectively. The blaNDM genes in all the isolates were flanked by an upstream, truncated ISAba125, and downstream bleMBL-trpF genes. Conjugation experiments showed that the NDM plasmids were readily transmissible. Further, the two blaNDM-positive E. coli isolates belonged to the multidrug-resistant ST131 clone. This study highlights the growing danger of seafood as carriers of multidrug-resistant bacteria leading to their wider dissemination in the community.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30471059